162 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



There is in the genital part of the primitive kidney an increase of 

 malpighian bodies and tubules. These new formations arise by budding 

 of the Wolffian duct or of the primary tubules, and break through, 

 secondarily, into the Bowman's capsule. Only a few subsequently get 

 into connection independently with the Wolffian duct. The malpighian 

 bodies increase by division of the primary ones. The formation of the 

 glomerulus of the secondary malpighian bodies does not go on in loco, 

 but is effected by a budding of the primary vas afferens. The vasa 

 efferentia originate the venous network of the primitive kidney. Other 

 points are considered in the paper. 



Three-weeks' Human Embryo.* — S. P. Gage describes an embryo of 

 this age, from a study of which she notes several interesting points. 

 There are twenty-nine myotomes. The developmental stage of the 

 central nervous system shows with definiteness the position of the 

 neuropore and its relation to the hypophysial region, from which it is 

 possible to determine the front end of the brain-tube and of the body. 

 This is in the region of the hypophysis, and consequently parts which in 

 the exigencies of growth have gone beyond this point are morphologically 

 posterior to it, e.g. the eye and olfactory region. 



Embryology of Sturgeon.! — A. Ostroumoff describes the develop- 

 ment of the cloaca and urinogenital sinus in Acipenser ruthenus. The 

 cloacal opening and the communication of the Wolffian ducts are in 

 existence in the stage with 30 somites, i.e. 70 hours after fertilisation. 

 The cloaca consists of two divisions separated by an intra-cloacal 

 membrane : a hinder one opening ventrally outwards, and communicat- 

 ing on both sides with the Wolffian ducts, and an anterior one in com- 

 munication with the gut cavity. The hinder division represents the 

 origin of the sinus urinogenitalis. Dorsalwards, this division is in close 

 communication with the anterior end of the tail-gut, which directly 

 opens into the gut cavity. Later, the connection between sinus and tail- 

 gut is interrupted by the in-pushing of the intra-cloacal membrane ; still 

 later, after hatching, the communication between the tail-gut and hind- 

 gut is obliterated, and the tail-gut disappears. 



Immunity of Foetus.! — A. Kreidl and L. Mandl find, as the result 

 of an experimental study upon goats, that the foetus in the later stages 

 and the newly-born young react to treatment with ox-blood with the 

 formation of a specific hsemolysin. 



Topography of Human Foetal Pancreas. § — C. M. Jackson gives an 

 account of this, based upon a study of fifty examples, ranging in age 

 from two months up till full time. The various modifications of form, 

 and position of parts at different stages of growth, are fully treated. In 

 the earlier stages of development, the body of the pancreas appears 

 somewhat flattened in form, with anterior and posterior surfaces. The 

 inferior surface develops through contact with the underlying intestines 



* Amer. Journ. Anat., iv. (1905) pp. 409-43 (5 pis.), 



t Zool. Anzeig., xxix. (1905) pp. 515-7 (2 figs.). 



% SB. Akad. wiss. Wien, cxiii. (1904) pp. 285-306. 



§ Anat. Anzeig., xxvii. (1905) pp. 488-510. 



