ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 199 



R. Maire * in his paper on Erysiphacete makes a series of systematic 

 notes on several species ; he then criticises Salmon's views as to E. taurica 

 being the type of a new genus on account of its endophytic character, 

 the branched conidiophores, and the single terminal conidium. He 

 states that internal mycelium exists in several other species. He notes 

 further that endophytic mycelium is associated with thickened walls in 

 the epidermal cells of the host or with the existence of a hypodermal 

 layer which renders the surface of the host-plants badly adapted to 

 nourish the fungus. Endophytic mycelium in Erysiphacese represents 

 an adaptation of the parasite to the conditions of the host, and not a 

 primitive or generic character. 



Hypocrea riccioidea.t — James McAndrew calls attention to this 

 rare fungus, which has been found by him in four localities in New 

 Galloway. " It grows on dead willow in damp marshy places, and when 

 in vigorous growth forms conspicuous patches of a fleshy, orange, and 

 lobed appearance like a Ricciay It had previously been found by 

 Bolton in 1790, and it has been collected in Mecklenburg, and in 

 France near Limoges. 



Fertilisation in Sphserotheca.J — Y. H. Blackman and H. C. Fraser 

 record some observations made on Sphc&rotheca Humuli, which confirm 

 Harper's views of fertilisation in this fungus. They find oogonium and 

 antheridium ;dose together, and with open communication between the 

 two organs. Each is nucleated at first, then when two nuclei are visible 

 in the oogonium the antheridium is seen to be empty. They regard the 

 oogonium as a "uninucleate ascogonium, which, after fertilisation, 

 develops into a row of cells — the ascogenous hypha of which the penul- 

 timate cell becomes the ascus." 



Biology of Stictis Panizzei.§ — Gr. Cuboni has continued his study 

 of this fungus, which causes the disease of olive-trees termed " brusca." 

 He finds that on the under side of the leaf pycnidia are produced in large 

 numbers early in the season. At a later stage Stictis is formed on the 

 upper surface. He found, also, that the condition of the leaves had 

 much to do with the growth of the fungus — if the acidity was high, then 

 they were receptive to the parasite. 



Sclerotial Disease of Forsythia.|| — A. Osterwalder describes a 

 disease of this plant, which is attacked by the fungus at the time of 

 blossoming. The flower is infected, and the mycelium passes down to 

 the branches and kills them. Though the decaying flowers were in- 

 fested with Botrytis cinerea, culture experiments proved that the fungus 

 that had penetrated the branches and killed them was not identical with 

 the Botrytis. It formed sclerotia, but never any conidia. Sclerotia 

 were collected from the diseased plants, and, when placed in favourable 

 conditions, they developed apothecia, which proved to be identical with 



• Bull. Soc. Sci. Nancy, ser. 3, vi., fasc. 2 (1905) pp. 31-7 (1 pi.). See also Bot. 

 Centralbl., xcix. (1905) pp. 618-19. 



t Trans. Edinb. Field Nat. Club, v. (1905) p. 169. 



X Ann. of Bot., xix. (1905) pp. 367-9. 



§ Atti R. Accad. Lincei, cccii. (1905) pp. 730-3. 



|| Zeitschr. Pflanzenkr., xv. (1905) pp. 321-9 (1 pi.). 



