ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 375 



formation occurs within a much shorter period than on ordinary culture 

 media — viz. at 37° C. within 8-9 hours. 



Isolating Intestinal Bacteria.* — H. de R. Morgan, in a research 

 on the bacteriology of the summer diarrhoea of infants, took a small 

 portion of fasces, or scrapings, from the mucous surface of the intestine, 

 and made an emulsion thereof with pepton beef broth. From this 

 'the bile-salt neutral-red lactose-agar plates of MacConkey were inocu- 

 lated, and incubated for 24 hours at 37°. Next day the colourless 

 colonies (i.e. non-lactose fermenters) were picked off and put into tubes 

 of lactose broth. After 3 days' incubation, those which had not pro- 

 duced acid and gas were used to inoculate gelatin tubes. The presence 

 of the bile salt was found to exclude all except intestinal bacteria, and 

 after a lapse of six weeks all the cultures which had not liquefied the 

 gelatin were further examined with a view to determine their morpho- 

 logical and pathological characters. 



Studying the Histology of the Pancreas.f — S. iTschassownikow, 

 in a study of the histological changes in the pancreas after ligature of 

 the duct, found that the best fixatives were 10 p.c. formalin and Pod- 

 wyssotzki's fluid, though neither of these sufficiently differentiated the 

 islands from the cells with zymogen granules. This requirement was 

 fulfilled by first flushing the viscus through the cceliac artery with 

 physiological salt solution, and then injecting with Hermann's fluid. 

 This completed, the pancreas was cut up, and the pieces immersed in 

 Hermann's fluid for about 24 hours. 



Paraffin sections were stained by Reinke's modification of Flemming's 

 orange method, but usually with safranin and methyl-green. 



Apparatus for collecting Blood for Bacteriological Examination. 

 At the April Meeting, R. G-. Hebb exhibited an apparatus (fig. 51) for 



Fig. 51. 



obtaining blood for cultivation purposes. It is very simple, and consists 

 merely of a piece of glass tubing and a canula needle. The tube, which 

 holds about 10 c.cm., has its front conical end accurately ground so as 

 to fit the canula. The other end is constricted in two places, so as to 

 form a small bulb, which is stuffed with cotton wool. To this end is 

 attached a piece of rubber tubing with a glass mouth-piece for the 

 purpose of exerting suction if necessary. The syringe has been 

 found to work well, and is easily cleaned and sterilised. It is made by 

 Down Brothers. 



* Brit. Med. Journ., 1906, i. pp. 908-12. 



t Archiv Mikrosk. Anat., lxvii. (1906) pp. 758-72 (1 pi.) 



