ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 441 



carrying the germs of Texas fever and African Coast fever in cattle. 

 Twelve species are described, including R. koc/d sp. n. The remarkable 

 copulatory process, in which the proboscis of the male is inserted into 

 the vulva, is discussed. The genus Boophilus of Curtice includes 

 R. anmilatus and R. decoloratus, which differ markedly, especially in 

 their mode of life, from other species of Rhipicephalus. The author also 

 describes Hcemaphysalis neumanni sp. n., H. flava Neumann, Hyalomma 

 mgyptum L., Amblyomma ebttrneum Gerstacker, and Ixodes ovatus 

 Neumann. 



Structure of Ixodes reduvius.* — Erik Nordenskiold describes the 

 skin and its glands, the circulatory and respiratory systems of this tick. 



Revivification of Tardigrada.f — F. Richters reports on the revivi- 

 fication of species of Macrobiotus, Milnesium, and Echiniscus from dry 

 moss. In some cases re-awakening on re-moistening occurred in 15-60 

 minutes after 9-22 months. 



Genital Tracheae in Chernetidae and Acari.J — A. C. Oudemans 

 describes in Cyta latirostris an indubitable tracheal system, which has 

 its origin in the vestibulum of the genital apparatus, and probably has 

 an exclusively respiratory function. The ram's horn-like structures seen 

 in connection with the genitalia in Chernetidae have probably a tracheal 

 origin, though the author does not therefore conclude that they are 

 wholly respiratory. 



«■ Crustacea. 



Egg-Laying Habits of Cambarus affinis.§ — E. A. Andrews describes 

 the egg-laying of this American crayfish. In general they resemble those 

 of Astacus. There are four periods of activity — cleansing, glairing, 

 extrusion, turning. " The activities of the female include a prolonged 

 use of special tools to cleanse the surfaces later covered by the secretions 

 of the ' cement-glands,' a long continued maximum contraction of the 

 abdomen, a habit of lying supine and externally inert during oviposition, 

 and a long rhythmic alteration of poses associated with the fastening of 

 the eggs to the abdominal appendages. After this follow the weeks 

 of aeration and care of the eggs till they hatch." In the fastening of 

 the eggs the secretion of the " cement glands " seems of chief impor- 

 tance, but local activities of the eggs may possibly play a part. 



Phototropism of Larval Lobsters. || — G. Bohn discusses the complex 

 "behaviour of larval lobsters in regard to light. (1) Hatched at night, 

 they are in the morning drawn towards light. (2) But exposure to light 

 changes this reaction, and in the course of the first day the larvae come 

 and go from illumined to obscure objects in the aquarium. (3) After 

 several days they group themselves opposite the largest obscure surfaces. 

 All the movements of repulsion and attraction and rotation take place 

 rapidly and precisely, as if irresistible. The orientation in relation to 

 light comes about by complex rotatory movements, varying according 



* Zool. Anzeig, xxx. (1906) pp. 118-25 (8 figs.). f Tom. cit., pp. 125-7. 



X Tom. cit., pp. 135-40. § Amer. Nat., xl. (1906) pp. 343-56. 



|| Comptes Rendus, cxli. (1905) pp. 963-5. 



Aug. 15th, 1906 2 c 



