622 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



there was marked osteochondritis, the spirochetes were not so numerous, 

 but in the marrow were seen many badly stained and fragmented forms. 

 In a third case, from a portion of a long bone, of probably a full-term 

 foetus, very few spirochetes were observed, and these were badly stained. 



Studying the Development of Nebalia.* — Margaret Robinson 

 fixed the eggs, removed from the pouches, in hot saturated sublimate 

 solution, to which a little acetic acid had been added. After washing 

 they were passed slowly through up-graded alcohols to 80 p.c. alcohol. 



The shells of the early stages were removed by teasing with fine 

 needles. 



To obviate difficulties arising from the brittleness of the yolk, the 

 material was either imbedded in celloidin, or each section was painted 

 with a mixture of equal parts of gum mastic and celloidin. In the 

 former case the material was orientated by cutting the celloidin to the 

 required shape, and in the second by fastening the embryo in position 

 on a piece of lardaceous liver before imbedding in paraffin. Sections 

 4 jx thick were stained with Kleinenberg's hematoxylin and orange. 



Demonstrating the Structure of Erythrocytes of Siredon pisci- 

 formis.j — A. E. von Sinirnow, in a research on the structure of the 

 erythrocytes of Siredon pisciformis, followed the technique devised by 

 Kopsch when investigating the protoplasmic reticulum in nerve-cells. "{: 

 This method consists in submitting the material to the prolonged 

 action of osmic acid. The author used various strengths of osmic acid, 

 ' 5-2 p.c, in aqueous or in isotonic salt solution. The treatment lasted 

 from f day to 10 days, or longer. 



Donaggio's Method of Staining Degenerated Nerve-Fibres. § — A. 

 Veneziani employed Donaggio's methods for demonstrating the de- 

 generation of nervous tissue in the tentacles of Helix pomatia. Three 

 varieties are described. The fixatives used were Midler's fluid and 

 sublimate. 



A. 1. Sections 20—80 /x were transferred from the fixative to 

 alcohol, and thence for a few minutes to water. 2. They were then 

 stained with a heniatoxylin-chloride of tin solution (aqueous solution 

 of chloride of tin, 20 p.c. ; aqueous solution of hematoxylin, 1 p.c. ; 

 equal parts of the two solutions are mixed and kept in a cool dark 

 place) for 10-20 minutes. 3. Decolorised in permanganate of potassium 

 0'25 p.c, and then in an aqueous solution of 1 p.c oxalic acid, mixed 

 with an equal quantity of 1 p.c. aqueous sulphite of soda. 4. Wash for 

 a few minutes in water. 5. Alcohol ; xylol ; balsam. 



B. 1. Sections 2<)-30/a are placed in aqueous 0*5-1 p.c. hema- 

 toxylin for 10-20 minutes. 2. Saturated aqueous solution of neutral 

 acetate of copper 30 minutes, once renewed. 3. Decolorising, etc., as 

 in A. 



C. 1. The material was transferred from the fixative to 70 p.c. 

 alcohol for 3 hours, and for a similar time to absolute alcohol. 2. Im- 

 bedding in celloidin. 3. Sections 30-40 /x were placed for 20 minutes 



* Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., 1. (1906) pp. 383-433 (6 pis.). 



t Anat. Anzeig., xxix. (1906) pp. 236-41 (5 figs.). 



X See this Journal, 1902, p. 717. § Anat. Anzeig., xxix. (1906) pp. 241-8. 



