ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 679 



coralloides, by Marion and Kowalevsky ; in three species of Nepkthya, 

 by Koren and Danielssen ; and in Gorgonia capmsis, by Hickson. The 

 authors confirm Hickson's discovery of embryos in Gorgonia capmsis, 

 and note that J. J. Simpson has found embryos in Isis hippuris. It is 

 suggested that there may be some correlation between viviparity and 

 abyssal habitat ; but it also occurs in some littoral species of Clavularia. 



New Type of Virgularid.* — Ch. Gravier describes a new type of 

 Virgularid from Djibouti, which he proposes to call ScytaUopsis, because 

 of its resemblance to Scytaliwm. The largest specimens were about 

 12 cm. in length ; the rachis bears polypiferous non-spiculate lamellae 

 with five or more polyps ; on the dorsal surface between adjacent lamella? 

 there is a double row of siphonozooids, one between each pair of 

 lamellas ; on the ventral surface small tubes from the internal cavity 

 open to the exterior ; there is a rigid calcareous axis in a cavity divided 

 by partitions into four canals ; the polyps have distinct calices ; sex- 

 cells occur in the incompletely developed polyps in the lower region of 

 the rachis ; the siphonozooids communicate with the dorsal and lateral 

 canals, the ventral canal communicates by numerous ciliated tubes with 

 the exterior ; the occurrence of these tubes may be correlated with the 

 exceptionally small number of siphonozooids. 



Mobility of Virgularids.f — Ch. Gravier notes that these colonies 

 have more mobility that is usually supposed. He observed living 

 specimens of a new type found at Djibouti (ScytaUopsis). Specimens 

 laid horizontally on the sand show a torsion of the terminal portion of 

 the peduncle. There is turgescence and muscular movement ; the colony 

 gradually works its way into the sand. 



Studies on Graptolites.J— Sv. Leonh. Tornquist describes a number 

 of new Graptolites, from the lower zones of the Scanian and Vestrogo- 

 thian Phyllo-Telragraptus beds, belonging to the genera Bryograptus, 

 Trichograptus, Tetragraptus, Phyllograptus, Dichograptus, Clonograptus, 

 Temaograptm, Anthograptus, Schizograptus, HoJograptus, and Azggo- 

 graptns. 



Porifera. 



Antarctic Axinellid.§— J. Arthur Thomson and J. D. Fiddes de- 

 scribe a single specimen of what appears to be a species of Axinella, 

 dredged by the ' Scotia ' from deep water between Gough Island and 

 Cape Town. It consisted of a substantial branched axis, 26 cm. in 

 length, composed of densely packed styles imbedded in a spongin 

 framework, but unfortunately without any trace of soft tissue. 



Protozoa. 



British Fresh-water Rhizopods.|| — James Cash, assisted by John 

 Hopkinson, has done a useful piece of work in producing this manual, 



* Comptes Rendus, cxlii. (1906) pp. 1290-1. 

 t Tom. cit., pp 1556-8. 



% Acta Univ. Lund., xl. (1904, received 1906) pp. 1-29 (-1 pis.). 

 § Proc. R. Phys. Soc. Edinburgh, xvi. (1906) pp. 231-2. 



|| The British Freshwater Rhizopoda and Heliozoa. I. Rhizopoda. Ray 

 Society, i. (London, 1905) x. and 148 pp., 16 pis. and 32 figs. 



