706 SUMMAKY OF CUERENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



Will, H. — Beitrage zur Zenntnis der Sporspilze ohne sporenbildung, Welche in 

 Brauereibetrieben und deren Umgebung vorkommen. (Contributions to the 

 knowledge of yeast-fungi, without spore-formation, which occur in brewing 

 industries.) 



[Several species of Saccharomyces are described.] 



Centralbl. Bakt., xvii. (1906) pp. 1-7. 



Lichens. 

 (By A, Lobrain Smith.) 



French Lichens.* — E. Monguillon publishes a supplement to his 

 Catalogue of Lichens for the Department of Sarthe. He gives a list of 

 200 species, half of them being new for the district. The others are 

 published with additional localities. The number of rare species is 

 notable. 



Relation of Lichens to Trees and Soil.f — Von Tubeuf finds that 

 the smooth, bright bark of the Weymouth pine becomes dull black, 

 uneven and bumpy under growths of lichens such as Xanthoria parietina 

 and Parmelia. The bumps are largest towards the centre of the growth, 

 and are covered with small cracks. Microscopic examination showed an 

 increase of cellular growth at these points which had burst the epidermis. 

 He attributes this to the retention of water. A covering of moist cotton 

 wool produced the same effect on healthy branches. 



In discussing the growth of mosses and lichens in the pine woods, 

 E. Zederbauer J finds that Cladonia pyxidata and Peltigera horizontaUs 

 grew only on ground that had been cleared of leaves. Lichens grew 

 more plentifully ou trees where there was thick planting. In those 

 places the growth of the bark was slow, and the trees were sometimes 

 quite surrounded by lichens. 



British Coenogoniaceae § — A. Lorrain Smith finds that the two 

 genera belonging to this order are both represented in Britain. Raco- 

 dium rupestre, of which the symbiotic alga is a Cladophora, has been 

 found in several localities. Ccmogonium germanicum is more frequently 

 met with ; it is associated with Trentepohlta aurea. Neither of these 

 plants has been found in fruit. The writer traces the history of these 

 plants in botanical literature where they have been described as Byssus 

 nigra, Cystocoleas ebemus, or Racodium rupestre, and the two plants 

 have been constantly confused. A description is given of each, and 

 measurements of various specimens of Cmnogonium germanicum. 



Anatomy of Collema.|| — Abbe Hue finds three types of structure 

 among the species of Collema he has examined. (1) The hyphae become 

 vertical towards the surface, anastomose more frequently, and so form a 

 rudimentary cortex. (2) At the summit of the vertical hyphse one or 



* Bull. Acad. Internat. Geogr. Bot., 1906, 30 pp. See also Bot. Centralbl., cii. 

 (1906) p. 312. 



t Nat. Zeitschr. Land. Forstw., i. (1906). See also Centralbl. Bakt., xvi. 

 (1906) p. 753. 



X Mitth. k.k. Forstl. Ver. Mariabrunn. Wien : Wilhelm Frick, 1906, 13 pp., 

 9 figs. See also Bot. Centralbl., cii. (1906) pp. 129, 130. 



§ Journ. of Bot., xliv. (1906) pp. 266-8. 



|| Journ. de Bot., xx. (1906) pp. 5-18. 



