290 Organic Remains of the Ferruginous 
TORTOISE. 
Bones of some species of Linnean Testudo are found sparingly in 
the marls of Gloucester county. 
Beside the preceding osseous remains, there are others in the col- 
lection of the Academy, (some of them of gigantic dimensions,) 
which have not yet been identified. These, when ascertained, may 
add several genera and species to the above catalogue. 
With respect to the teeth and vertebre of the horse, found near 
the Raritan River, if they are really in the fossil state, they belong 
doubtless to the diluvial detritus which overlies all our formations ; to 
the same deposit belong the remains of the elephant and mastodon, 
which have been found in various parts of New Jersey, &c. 
Remarks. 
After a careful examination of the preceding fossils, I adopted the 
opinion of Mr. Vanuxem, viz. : that they denote a secondary formation, 
in the modern acceptation of that term; in other words, that they 
characterize a formation contemporaneous with the super-medial or- 
der of Phillips and Conybeare, the terrains de sediment moyen of 
Brongniart. From the same data (organic remains) I infer. more 
specifically, as mentioned in the commencement of this paper, that 
our marls are geologically equivalent to those beds which in Europe 
are interposed between the white chalk and the Oolites; nor can I 
conceive how they can be classed with tertiary deposits, if zoological 
characters have any preponderance in deciding geological questions. 
_It appears to rhe to be altogether contrary to analogy, to sup- 
pose that the opposite shores of the Atlantic. ocean should produce 
at the same epoch, two series of marine organic beings so widely dif- 
ferent, from each other as are those of our marls and the tertiary de- 
posits of Europe. We know that there is at present a remarkable 
generic accordance between the living mollusca of the eastern and 
‘western shores of the Atlantic ocean; and-I have elsewhere* shew), 
that many species of shells are already identified as common to both ; 
and doubtless the list will be greatly increased by extending the com- 
parison. Is it not reasonable to suppose that this accordance was for- 
merly as great as at present? And with existing analogies before us, 
* Jour. Acad. Vol. VI. p. 119, 120, 
