292 Organic Remains of the Ferruginous 
doubtful if there be any zoological analogies between the London 
clay and the marls of New Jersey, &c. 
I shall next offer a quotation from another celebrated naturalist, to 
shew the analogy between the latter formation and the green sands 
of Europe. 1 allude to Mr. Parkinson, a gentleman who has few ri- 
vals in the knowledge of organic remains. Speaking of the genus 
Spatangus, he observes—‘* The green sand presents some very curi- 
ous and interesting facts respecting these fossils. In the water which 
deposited this formation, the Spatangi appear to have first existed ; no 
remains of this genus having been found in the subjacent iceimieill 
It is also deserving of observation, that they are not found again but 
in the chalk, and in the seas of the present world.”* We have al- 
ready seen that Spatangi are of frequent occurrence in the American 
piesa) sand; and I shall dismiss this fact without fisher com- 
ment. 
have yet to oir a few observations on a very interesting feature 
of our marls; I allude to the abundance of lignite and amber con- 
tained i in some of them, and especially, as already noted, in the low- 
er mass of strata traversed by the Chesapeake and Delaware canal. 
We might at first be led to consider these substances as denoting a 
plastic clay formation ; but when we observe that they are subjacent 
to, and intermixed sens beds whose characteristic shells are extinet 
genera of chambered univalves, and that these fossils do not occur as 
insulated individuals, but on the contrary exist in surprising numbers, 
must we not consider even these lignites and this amber as portions 
of secondary strata? 
_. The.occurrence of lignites is not unfrequent in the green sand of 
: and as analogies of geological arrangement in remote parts 
of the aide are both instructive and interesting, I may be allowed 
to adduce a few instances to the point in question. Thus, M. Boue 
aeig us that the marls which alternate with the green and ferru- 
sandstones, (grés ferrugineux et vert) below the chalk in 
South, West.of France, contain beds of lignite.t.. M. Boué further 
remarks, that lignite and retinasphalt characterize the green sand for- 
mation (Craie chloritée) at Obora, in Moravia. In allusion to these 
he says, “Ces bois montrent qu’ils ont été longtemps Sut la 
rivage de la mer, puisq’ ils sont couverts d’huitres et de serpules et 
Ati 3h i 
ntr i. tothe Study of Org, Re 
les des Scienees Nat. (Paris) — 3, p. 309, 
