524 Notice of iht^ Anthracilc ixV^'*o/i in (he 



.with suitable enterprize, forms the best basis of public and private 

 -prosperity. 



Remark. — It is a favorite idea among the inbabit^uis, th^tthe val- 

 ley of Wyoming was anciently a lake. This is by no means improb- 

 cjble. Ever)^ cup-shaped cavity, great or small, on the earths sur- 

 face, may have been a lake, and Its permanency would depend upon 

 the due supply of its waters and upon the firmness of its barriers. 

 See the " Oudine" accompanying the American Edition of Bake- 



vvell's Geologv. 



APPENDIX, 



Exhibiting the succession of the strata in several mines. 



1 would remark to the proprietors of mines in the valley, that the 

 following statements being made for illustration only, there has been 

 no attempt to enumerate all the mines, but only a few, by way of ex- 

 ample. Those that are omitted (among which are some important 

 ones,) are not neglected ; in many cases no minutes were preserved, 

 ehher because it was not convenient to take them, or because ihey 

 were thought to be unnecessary. I am indebted for these notes to 



r 



my companion, Mr. George Jones. 



L, Cqrhondale bedj owned ly the Delaware and Hudson Canal and 



Rail Road Company, 



1. Soil- — 2. Dark earth, 3 ft. — 3. Loose slate, 5 ft.^ — k Broken 

 coal, called here 2d quality, not considered fit for market, 2 ft: 



5. Good coal, called let quality, G ft, 



6. Coal of still superloj* quality, 1 f{. 



20 ft. 



7. Coal, 1st and 2d quality intermingled, 3 lu t wrong i 



8. Coal, very good quality, 4 ft. 



9. Good coal with strata of slate intermixed, 6 ft. 



10. Firm slate, with vegetable impressions and pyrhes; thickness 

 not known. 



The mining has been so far in the open air, but ihey are now beginning 



to follow the bed witliout removing the superincumbent materials j pil- 

 lars of coal being left to support their weight. About three and a half 

 acres of the bed have been removed : the mining, (including also the re- 

 moval of the rubbish above and intermixed,) costs the company 

 about 75 cents per ton. They now offer their coal at Kingston, on 

 the Hudson, at ^6 per ton ; the cost of transportation thence to New 

 York, is 50 cents per ton- The quantity sent off to market averages 

 50 tons per day, during eight or nine months. A sketch of the rail- 

 way may be seen on the annexed map. 



