56 Analyses of Books. [Jolt, 



rigid examination. Read the history of the Pellew Islands, and 

 of the conduct of Lee Boo in England. You have in him an 

 example of a perfect savage becoming civilized, having an en- 

 lightened mind, and forming plans for the improvement of his 

 own nation. Read the history of the Sandwich Islands, at 

 present, for something similar in the king of that country. 

 Peter I. of Russia appears to me another example of the same 

 kind. As to the speculation about the taming of animals, it is 

 equally contradicted by many facts familiar to most people. Read 

 Cowper's account of his three hares. One was naturally tame, 

 one became tame by kindness, one could not be tamed at all. 

 How easy is it to make a sparrow perfectly tame, so as to follow 

 its master for miles together upon the wing. But who has suc- 

 ceeded in taming a robin? I could easily make many other 

 remarks upon this ingenious essay ; but I have already gone too 

 far considering the subject, and must therefore apologize to my 

 readers for the length of the observations already thrown out. 



1 1. Observations on the Ebbing and Flowing Well at Giggles- 

 wick, in the West Riding of Yorkshire ; irith a Theory of reci- 

 procating Fountains. By Mr. John Gough, in a Fetter to Dr. 

 Holme.] Mr. Gough gives an account of no fewer than six 

 wells of this kind; one in Italv, one in Greece, one in West- 

 phalia, and three in England. The one at Giggleswick has been 

 examined with care ; and there is a table of the time, and of 

 the rate of its ebbing and flowing. Nothing can be more irre- 

 gular than both. Hence it is obvious that the common theory 

 of the syphon, by which these intermitting fountains are ex- 

 plained, will not apply to this. Indeed, it is probable that it 

 will not apply to most of the intermitting fountains, when pro- 

 perly examined. Mr. Gough gives another theory founded 

 upon an observation made by Mr. Swainston, a manufacturer of 

 Morocco leather at Kendal. It consisted in the irregularity with 

 which water flowed through an inverted syphon. This was 

 occasioned by the air mixed with the water collecting in the 

 syphon, and thus diminishing its capacity. Mr. Gough con- 

 ceives that in the case of intermitting fountains the water falls 

 from a height into a reservoir, so as to occasion the formation of 

 foam. From this reservoir there is a narrow winding passage, by 

 which the fountain makes its way out of the earth. The foam 

 enters into this passage along with the water, and the air col- 

 lecting together partially choaks it up, and occasions a diminution 

 in the Vu\\ : till at last, this air being expelled, the flow becomes 

 as great as ever, and continues so till it is impeded by the 

 evolution of new air. This explanation appears to me to 

 account, in a satisfactory manner^fjor all the irregularities of the 

 intermitting fountains. 



