1814.] Population of Russia. 171 



domiciliated, but it is greatly below the usual population of the 

 place. This happens generally with respect to all the Russian 

 towns. In the year 1789, the number of inhabitants in Peters- 

 burgh amounted to 217,000, without reckoning the military: in 

 1803, to 244,000 : and in 1810, to nearly 300,000. 



2. The inhabitants of Moscow are reckoned at 500,000. The 

 number of domiciliated in that place amounts to about 240,000, 

 but in winter it augments to about 400,000. 



3. The military are estimated in round numbers at 400,000 : but 

 this is much below the truth. From the statement drawn up in 

 1805, it appears that the guards, the cavalry, and the infantry, alone 

 form a body of 362,223 ; the artillery and the genie,* 45,000 ; and 

 the garrisons, at least 111,420; making together a sum total of 

 518,G43. If to this we add at least 100,000 irregular troops, it is 

 obvious that the land forces of tlie empire surpass 600,000. 



4. The Nomades are estimated at 1,500,000 individuals of both 

 sexes. 



It is easy to see that these four sums are but approximations. I 

 admit in round numbers, 1, Inhabitants of Petersburg!), 240,000 : 

 — 2. Inhabitants of Moscow, at a medium, 320,000: — 3. Lani 

 forces, 600,000; their wives and children, 300,000 :— 4. The 

 Nonades, 1,500,000 :— Making a total of 2,960,000: which 

 added to the preceding statement of the population in 1804 makes 

 a sum total or39,003,483. 



But even this sum total is below the truth, according to the 

 statements made to me by the Minister of the Interior. The fol- 

 lowing are the observations to which 1 allude. " A comparison of 

 the reports made by the civil governors with the statements in the 

 fifth revision, has shown that several governors have merely copied 

 the ancient statenients, giving the classes subjected to direct im- 

 posts, without noticing those who are exempt from them. In several 

 governments the number given differs very little from the number 

 of the first class marked in the revision, even in those governments 

 wliere there are a numerous nobility and populous cities. AtNovo- 

 gorod, the ditference is only 7^^ individuals of both sexes ; at 

 Smolensk, 16,000; at Plcscow, 15,000; at Kalouga, 7,000; at 

 Kesan, 9,000 ; at Kasan, 3,000. At Vaetha the annual enumera- 

 tion is below the fifth revision. Considering the defects that still 

 exist in the annual enumerations, we may very well make an addi- 

 tion of 20,000 individuals for each government, which would make 

 a million for 50 governments, and would raise the population to 40 

 millions. Finally, the surplus of births above deaths amoimts 

 annually to 500,000, which in the ten years between tiie last revi- 

 sion, in 1796 and 1806, amounts to 5 millions. If we allow a 

 fourth of the births to reach the age of 18 or 20, wc may estimate 

 the real progress of population at 1,250,000 individuals." 



• Tbii ii the ori|;ina1 nord : I li;ivc not (ranolated it, because I am not sur* 

 what tort of troopi it allude* lu. — T. 



