2/0 Population of Rimla. [Apnit, 



population, during the nineteenth century as took place during the 

 eighteenth. 



Experience has proved the accuracy of this reasoning. The 

 progress of the population has become slower since the fifth revi- 

 sion. The annual surplus of (30,000 has been reduced to 50,000 

 during the last 10 years. 



To establish this' fact I have compared the statements respecting 

 the population of 25 governments of Old Russia, in which the 

 surplus of births is the most considerable according to the fourth 

 revision, of IJi^-, with the statements of their population according 

 lo the fifth revision, of \796, and with the general enumeration of 

 1804. These governments are, INIoskwa, Toula, Kalouga, Jaroslaw, 

 Orel, Koursk, Wladimir, Resan, Pensa, Kasan, Twer, Smolensk, 

 Tambovv, Nigegorod, Plescow, Woronesch, Simbirsk, Kostroma, 

 Waetka, Novgorod, Saratow, Perm, Orenbourg, Wologda, Olonetz. 

 The results are as follows : — 



The statement respecting the populations of the 25 governments, 

 according to the fourth revision, of 17S2, gives 9,360,799 males : 

 That of the fifth revision, of 1/96, 14 years after, 10,228,672: 

 That of the enumeration of 1804, 8 years after, 9,989,531 : 

 So that the population gained during the first period 867,8/3, 

 and lost during the second period 239,141. 



In the first period there are only three governments whose popu- 

 lation has diminished ; Kalouga, Kostroma, and Woronesch. All 

 the others had increased. But during the second period Moscow 

 alone gained considerably, namely, 100,000 males ; Woronesch, 

 which had lost before, gained 150,000 males; and, finally, Waetka 

 gained 37,000. Koursk and Orel have gained a few thousands. 

 Toula, Jaroslavv, and Perm, a few hundreds. All the other IJ 

 governments have lost, and some of them considerably. Thus 

 Tambow has lost 88,000 men, Nigegorod 55,000, and Simbirsk 

 110,000, in 8 years! 



It is to be observed that the governments which have been long 

 well cultivated, as Toula, Jaroslaw, Kalouga, Twer, Plescow, Kos- 

 troma, Smolensk, Wladimir, have neither gained nor lost much. 

 The population, and of course the industry, is stationary. The 

 governments less improved, as Waetka and Woronesch, have gained 

 a great deal ; and the governments richest in corn, as Tambow, 

 Nigegorod, Simbirsk, have lost the most. 



The rapid progress of population i)etween the fourth and fifth 

 revision is the natural effect of the sensible progress which agricul- 

 ture made in consequence of the many good new institutions, and 

 especially the establishment of the bank. These institutions and 

 new funds have produced their effect. At present the ancient 

 sources of national wealth flow less abundantly, and it is not easy 

 to open new ones. I presume, then, that the population of Russia 

 will remain a long time between 4l and 43 fhillions. However, 

 unforeseen circumstances may ijive a considerable population to the 



