1814.] Imperial Academy of Peter shcrgli. 293 



21). On the Labraces, a new Genus of Fish of the Eastern 

 Oc-ean. By P. S. Pallas. P. 382. This is the genus of 

 •fishes described by Tilesius in the 24th paper of this volume. Pallas 

 gives a description and figures of no fewer than six species, one of 

 which is the hcxagrammos of Tilesius. 



27. Mineralogical Observations made in the Government of 

 Twer. By B. Severguine. P. 399. The whole of this country 

 is a vast plain of sand, clay, or calcareous tuff, over which are 

 scattered rolled blocks of primitive rocks. Many of them possess 

 the characters of the granitic rocks in Finland. 



28. On the Theories of Value hitherto established by Writers of 

 Political Economy. By Henry Storch. P. 413. In this, and 

 three other elaborate dissertations that follow it, the author refutes 

 the notion of value entertained by the economists, by Dr. Smith, 

 and by Lord Lauderdale ; and endeavours to prove that it is founded 

 solely upon opinion. 



29. On the Chemical Knowledge of the Chinese in the eighth 

 Century. By Julius Von Klaproth. P. 476. It appears, from 

 M. Klaproth's extracts from a Chinese book written in the year of 

 our era 75C, that the Chinese had some faint notions of oxygen. 

 Tlicy called it the impure part of air, and said that it combined 

 with sulphur, charcoal, and metals ; that it may be extracted from 

 saltpetre by means of heat, and from the black stone called Hhe- 

 tann-che. They seem to have thought likewise that it was a con- 

 stituent of water. The notions respecting the metals, as appears 

 from the quotation of Klaproth, are pretty similar to those enter- 

 tained by the alchymists. 



30. A Statistical Description of the Rock Salt and Salt Springs 

 of Russia. By C. T. Hermann. P. 485. Two mines of rock 

 salt exist in Russia. 1. The mine of Iletzk, on the banks of the 

 little river llek, which runs in tbe steppe beyond the Oural. 2. The 

 mine Tscbaptschatschi, on the left side of the Wolga, in the steppe 

 of the Oural. This last has never been wrought, the country being 

 uninhabitable for want of water and wood. The principal salt 

 springs in Russia are those of Perme, which furnish a very great 

 quantity of salt. There are likewise salt springs at Wologda, 

 Novgorod, Archangel, and Olonetz ; and in the governments of 

 Tomsk and Irkoutsk, in Siberia. The sale of salt is in the hands 

 of Goveninitnt, and they lose a great deal of money by the trade. 

 The Russian peasants are but ill supplied with salt, and do not 

 consume so much as they would be inclined to do if they had it in 

 their power. 



31. Observations and Reflections on the Tides in the Harbour of 

 Nangasaky in 1805. By Captain de Krusenstern. P. 530. Nan- 

 gasaky is a liarljour in Jajjan. The observations seem to have been 

 made with great care. The general results were as follows : — The 

 highest tides were the thiid or fourth after the syzygics ; the least 

 tides were the third or fourth after the quadratures. The retardation 

 oi the tides at tlic syzygics wai 37' 19" al the quadratures 1'' 6' 



