440 Distrilution of the Inhahkanls of Russia. [J onk, 



numerous. Siberia, besides the Finns and Tartars, includes Hke.- 

 wise the Samojedes, and the people of the Mongole and American 

 race. But this population is only in its infancy. 



1. The centre of European Russia is inhabited by the Russians. 

 On the west and south-west are found the Poles. We shall not 

 uselessly multiply the sul)divisions of the Sclavonian race by stating 

 particularly the inhabitants of Great and Little Russia, the Cossacks, 

 Serbes, Wlachians, Albanois, Arnautes, Bulgarians, &c. which 

 occur as foreigners or colonists in the governments of the south. 

 How many subdivisions of this kind might be made in France and 

 England. 



2. All the north of Russia, from Finland, by, Archangel, 

 Olonetz, Petersburgh, Novgorod, Wologda, Waetka, and Perm, is 

 inhabited by Finlanders. Their numerous tribes are spread over the 

 west and the east. In the west, by Esthlande and Livonia, as far 

 as Courland ; in the east, by Kasan, Nigegorod, Simbirsk, Resan, 

 Tambow, Orenburgh, Saratow. They have passed the Oural, and 

 are spread in t!ie government of Tobolsk. 



3. The Tartars occupy the south of Russia and of Siberia; the 

 Tartars of Kasan, of Astrakan, of the Crimea, of Caucasus ; the 

 Tartars of Tobolsk, of Tschoulym, Buchares, Teleutes, Abinzes 

 on the Ob, the Tschoulym and the Tom ; foreign Tartars of Chivva, 

 of Persia, of Turquestan ; Nogaens in the Crimea and on the 

 Couban, Baschkines, Metschcrjaeques, and several other tribes 

 mixed with the Tartars and the Finns. 



The inhabitants of Caucasus are classed apart, but chiefly for the 

 purposes of ethnography. 



1. The Samojedes are the first nation of Northern Siberia. Their 

 tnl)es extend from the Frozen Ocean along the Jenisei, as far as 

 Baikal, and stretch from the Ob very far into the eastern parts of 

 Siberia. 



2. Their neighbours are the American tribes, the Tsuktsches, the 

 Kamtschadales, and the inhabitants of the Aleoutes and Couriles 

 Archipelagos, 



3. In the south of Siberia occur different tribes of the people 

 called Mongoles. 



The distribution of the population of Russia cannot be stated 

 with the same accuracy as in Austria, where tlie different nations 

 have different privileges. The Russian government having given tp 

 all its subjects the same privileges, and imposed on them the same 

 duties, never requires from the governors information respecting the 

 national differences. Of consequence the statements of the popu- 

 lation in IJyS, 1803, and 1804, and several other particular reports 

 which I trave consulted, give us no information on the subject. 

 Their principles of division are financial and military. The state- 

 ments of the population of Siberia have more of this kind of facts, 

 because they are necessary there in a financial point of view. 1 

 ought to repeat here that all my calculations are founded on the 



