1814.] Alcohol and Sulphuric Ether. 45 



Carbon 51-93 



Oxvgen 34-32 



Hydrogen 13-70 



100-00 



In these products there are 9-15 parts of hydrogen in excess 

 above 38-87 parts of water. 



One hundred parts in weight of sulphuric ether, of the specific 

 gravity 0-7155, at the temperature of 68°, contain — 



Carbon 67*98 



Oxygen 1 7'62 



Hydrogen 14-40 



100-00 



In these products we find 12*07 parts of hydrogen in excess above 

 19-95 parts of water reduced to their elements. 



The analysis of ether is more precise than that of alcohol, as far 

 as the proportion of water is concerned, not only because the ether 

 has been analysed by a more direct process, but because water being 

 almost insoluble in ether, it can only contain a very small quantity 

 of water accidentally present. 



To obtain tbe proportion of defiant gas in alcohol, etber, and 

 the gases produced by passing these liquids through a red-hot tube, 

 it is sufficient to add to the carbon indicated by analysis the excess 

 of hydrogen above the elements of water. The remainder is merely 

 water. Thus the weight of the olefiant gas in 100 parts of ether 

 is equal to 67-98 + 12*07 = 80-05 ; and the 19-95 parts that 

 remain are water. 



The volume of oxygen gas, which alcohol consumes in burning, is 

 to the volume of carbonic acid gas produced at the same time in the 

 proportion of three to two, as in the case of olefiant gas, the small 

 errors in such observations excepted. A gramme (15*444 grains) 

 of alcohol of Richter consumes 1449-8 cubic centimetres (884S-37 

 cubic inches) of oxygen gas, forming 966*54 cubic centimetres 

 (5898*77 cubic inches) of carbonic acid gas, supposing these gases 

 at the temperature of 32°, under a pressure of 29*922 inches of 

 mercury, and destitute of moisture. 



The same ratio of three to two is observed between the oxygen 

 consumed and carbonic acid formed in the combustion of etber. A 

 gramme (15*444 grains) of ether consumes 1902 cubic centimetres 

 (11607 cubic inches) of oxygen gas, and forms 1264 cubic centi- 

 metres (7/ 139 cubic inches) of carbonic acid gas. 



The same ratio of three to two exists likewise in the products of 

 the combustion of the gases, derived from the decomposition both 

 of alcohol and ether: 100 parts in volume of the gas from alcohol 

 consume 121*95 measures of oxygen gas, and form 81*15 measures 



