of the United States. 



dining to ash ; line over the eye and all beneath, white ; 

 wings dusky, without bands; bill short ; irides brown. 



Warbling Flycatcher, tluscicapa melodia, fVils. Am. Orn. 

 v. p. 85. pi- M-fig- I. Muscicapa (since Sylvia) gilva, Vieill. 



Inhabits during summer throughout the union: not very 

 common. 



91. Vireo olivaceus, Nob. Yellow-olive ; crown ash, will; 

 a black lateral line ; line over the eye ; and all beneath 

 white; wings without bands ; bill elongated ; irides red. 



Red-eyed Flycatcher, Muscicapa olivacea, Wils. Am. Orn. 

 U: p. 55. pi. isi. Jig- i. Muscicapa olivacea, L. 



Inhabits every part of the United States during the warm 

 and temperate season : common. Forms the link between 

 Vireo and Sylvia. 



19. LANIUS. 



Lanius, L. Briss. Gm. Lath. III. Cuv. Vieill. Temm. Ranz. 



Bill moderate, robust, straight, m ch compressed, base 

 with rigid, porrect bristles : upper mandible rounded above, 

 hooked at tip, acute, with an acute tooth each side near the 

 tip ; lower shorter, acute, notched and toothed near the tip : 

 nostrils basal, lateral, half closed by a vaulted membrane : 

 tongue short, triangular, lacerated at tip. Feet robust: 

 tarsus longer than the middle toe, lateral ones nearly equal : 

 inner free; hind toe wide, at base beneath flattened, more 

 robust than the others, a little shorter than the lateral : nails 

 moderate, compressed, acute ; that of the hind toe largest. 

 Wings moderate ; spurious feather very short ; second and 

 third primary longest. Tail of twelve feathers. 



Female and young of the American species hardly differ 

 from the adult males. Some species moult once, others twice 

 in the year. 



Distrustful: courageous: sanguinary. Feed on insects 

 and small birds : take their stand on high limbs whence they 

 watch for prey; hold it while fppdhiGr in one foot, standine 



