88 Synopsis of the Birds 



Nashville Warbler, Sylvia rvficapilla (rubricapilla), Wils. 

 Am. Orn. Hi. p. 120. pi. 27. Jig. :i. 



Inhabits Tennesse, and the neighbouring states, in sum- 

 mer ; rare : occasionally visits Pennsylvania in the spring. 



142. Sylvia celata, Say. Greenish-olive ; crown with a 

 fulvous spot; beneath olive-yellow; vent yellow; wings 

 without bands. 



Orange-crowned Warbler, Sylvia celata, Nob. Am. Om. 



i. p. 45.pl. 5. Jig. 2. 



Inhabits Missouri in summer : rather common. 



23. SAXICOLA. 



Motacilla, L. Gm. Cuv. III. Ficedula, Briss. Sylvia 

 Lath. Saxicola, Bechst. Temm. Ranz. (Enanthe, Vieill. 

 Viti flora, Stephens. 



Bill short, straight, slender, subulate, wider than high at 

 base, cleft nearly to the eyes, furnished with bristles at 

 base ; edges indexed ; upper mandible carinated, curved at 

 tip, notched, somewhat obtuse; lower shorter, straight, en- 

 tire, acute: nostrils basal, lateral, oval, partly closed by a 

 membrane : tongue cartilaginous, emarginate at tip. Tar- 

 sus rather long and slender ; toes moderate ; inner free ; hind 

 toe a little shorter than the inner, but more robust; hind 

 nail stoutest, shorter than the toe, arcuated. Wings rather 

 long ; second and third primaries longest. 



Female generally resembling the young, and differing con- 

 siderably from the male. Moult annually, but from the wear- 

 ing away of their feathers, their spring dress is brighter than 

 that of autumn. 



Timid ; restless. Reside in open and principally stony 

 countries; live in families or small flocks. Feed chiefly on 

 insects, which they take with great agility of wing. Build 

 on the ground amongst stones, grass, or in holes in fences and 

 trees ; eggs 4 — 5, bluish. Some are always on the ground, 



