of the United States. 117 



temperate climates ; return to the arctic regions on the ap- 

 proach of summer; migrating at irregular periods, and then 

 appearing in great numbers in certain countries. Agile ; not 

 timorous ; easily tamed at all ages. 

 Confined to northern regions. 



194. LoxrA curvirostra, L. Wings without bands ; bill as 

 long as the middle toe ; point of the lower mandible crossing 

 the top of the bill. 



Adult male greenish yellow ; rump yellow. 



Female and young before the first moult, greenish; rump 

 yellowish ; beneath whitish, streaked with dusky. 



Young male after the first moult, red. 



American Crossbill, Curvirostra americana, Wils.Am. Orn. 

 iv. p. 44. pi. 31. Jig. 1. young male ! Jig. 2. adult male ? 



Inhabits the high northern latitudes of both continents ; 

 migrates during winter to the northern and middle states, 

 where a Cew breed : rather common. (18.) 



195. Loxia leucoptera, Gm. Wings bifasciate with white. 

 Different states as in the preceding. 



White-winged Cross-bill, Curvirostra leucoptera, Wils. Am. 

 Orn. iv. p. 48. pi. 41. Jig. 4. young male ; and Nob. Am. Orn. 

 ii. pi. 14. Jig. 3. female. 



Inhabits the northern parts of America ; migrating in win- 

 ter to the temperate regions of the northern and middle 

 states : rare. 



FAMILY XV. COLUMBIN1. 



Order Columbcz, Lath. Ttmm. Order Giratores, Blain- 

 ville. Order Columbini, Stephens. Pigeons (Family of Gal- 

 Una), Cuv. Columbini, III. Vieill. Latr. Giranti, Ranz. 



Bill short, straight, compressed; upper mandible vault- 

 ed, more or less attenuated in the middle, turgid and curved 

 at tip, dilated so as to cover the lower, with a soft, fleshy, 



Vol. II. 15 



