= ytt 
4 
et Ny] HoweE.1, A New Red-winged Blackbird. 197 
sonoriensis (fifth primary shorter than ninth). The female, in comparison 
with the same sex of richmond., lacks the pinkish tinge of the throat, and 
the dark streaking of the underparts is broader, and extends higher on the 
throat. The ear coverts are grayish as in sonoriensis, rather than buffy as 
in richmondi, but are paler than those of either. The upper parts are about 
the same as those of the last-named race, and hence darker than in sonorien- 
sis — that is, the dark centers of the feathers are broader —, but as the 
only female at hand is considerably worn, nothing can be told in regard to 
the lighter margins of these feathers. Measurements of type.— Length 
(in flesh) 230 mm., wing 122.5, tail 82, exposed culmen 23, tarsus 32, middle 
toe with claw 23.5. 
Remarks.— Three of the males are fully adult, and are of uni- 
form size, but the fourth is a second year, breeding bird, very much 
under sized. The middle wing coverts are black, and the lesser 
covers have only a very little red at their bases. The five specimens 
of grinnelli were collected in July, whereas most of the other 
material used in comparison was taken during the spring, but in 
reaching conclusions in regard to markings, due allowance has been 
made for seasonal wear. 
As sonoriensis has been taken no farther south than the Territory 
of Tepic, Mexico, and richmondi extends at least to eastern Nica- 
ragua, I assume that grinnelli was derived from the latter form. 
In his notes, A. van Rossem states that San Sebastian is six miles 
from the Pacific Coast, and lies about in the center of an immense 
mangrove swamp, which is some sixty miles long by six wide. Near 
San Sebastian is a large brackish, tule swamp, and in this he saw 
but seven red-wings, although his stay was of eighteen days dura- 
tion. The female, which he secured July 22, was engaged in 
building a nest. 
I take pleasure in naming this form after Dr. Joseph Grinnell, 
who has done so much for western ornithology and ornithologists. 
