292 McAtex, In Memoriam F. E. L. Beal. ne 
On the basis of his work in Economic Ornithology, Professor 
Beal must be given a large share of credit for the progress that bird 
protection has made in the United States, and we have the most 
advanced laws in existence. He did more than any other man to 
reveal the basic facts that were needed to convince the so-called 
“practical” men of the value of bird protection. He often re- 
ferred to the Audubon Societies as the army, fighting for bird 
protection, but, he said, we furnish the ammunition. 
His non-official publications included ten Short articles in the 
“American Naturalist,’ and ‘Forest and Stream,’ numerous news- 
paper articles, mainly in the ‘Iowa Homestead’ and ‘Iowa State 
Register,’ and a few others in ‘The Auk,’ ‘Science,’ etc., and most 
important of all, his paper on “Birds as Conservators of the Forest”’ 
in the ‘Report of the New York Forest, Fish and Game Commis- 
sion’ for 1902 and 1903. 
Professor Beal also diffused knowledge of Economic Ornithology, 
to a certain extent, by lecturing. He read a paper on the food 
habits of birds at Carlin Springs, Va., in 1895, before the State 
Horticultural Society of New Jersey, and the Eastern New York 
Horticultural Society in 1899, and the California Academy of 
Sciences in 1901. He gave shorter talks on the same subject at 
meetings of the Fitchburg Grange, Potomac Valley Ornithological 
Club, Biological Society of Washington and Cooper Ornithological 
Club. 
Professor Beal’s connection with the American Ornithologist’s 
Union dates from 1883 when he was elected an active member. 
This membership was allowed to lapse, however, and he was re- 
elected in 1887 and made a fellow in 1901. He attended nine 
meetings of the Union as follows: 1892 and 1895, Washington; 
1896, Cambridge; 1898 and 1902, Washington; 1903, Philadelphia; 
1903, San Francisco; and 1910 and 1914, Washington. At the 
1898 meeting, he read a paper on “Polygamy among Oscines.”’ 
Professor Beal was a member also of the Cooper Ornithological 
Club, being transferred to the honorary roll in 1910, and of the 
Biological Society of Washington. He was one of the organizers 
of the Potomac Valley Ornithological Club (December 22, 1892) 
of which he was elected vice-president, January 16, 1893. This 
organization was short-lived, its activities merging into those of 
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