eee | OperHo.seR, Notes on N. A. Birds. IT. eae 
The geographic distribution of Vermivora celata orestera is as 
follows: 
Western United States, southwestern Canada, central and 
northern Mexico. Breeds north to southern Alberta and southern 
British Columbia; west to eastern Washington, eastern Oregon, 
and eastern California; south to southeastern California, southern 
Arizona, and central New Mexico; east to New Mexico, Colorado, 
Wyoming, and Montana. Winters south to the Mexican states of 
Tamaulipas, Puebla, Morelos, Guerrero, Michoacan, Jalisco, and 
southern Lower California. Migrates east to Minnesota and casu- 
ally to Pennsylvania. 
Molothrus ater artemisiz Grinnell. 
The northwestern form of Molothrus ater was described by Dr. 
Joseph Grinnell as Molothrus ater artemisie | from the Quinn River 
Crossing in Humboldt County, Nevada. Five days later appeared 
the description of Molothrus ater dwighti by Dr. Louis B. Bishop,? 
based on specimens from Crane Lake, Saskatchewan, Canada. 
These two birds.are undoubtedly the same, and of course the former 
name has priority. This race has since been generally ignored, 
but examination of a large amount of material shows that it is 
nearly as well characterized as Molothrus ater obscurus. It is even 
larger than Molothrus ater ater, as may be seen by consulting the 
detailed measurements given by Dr. Bishop,’ and has a longer and 
relatively slenderer bill, the outline of the culmen being not so 
convex. The female is similar to the same sex of Molothrus ater 
obscurus, but is paler, more brownish, with a usually more whitish 
throat. With Molothrus ater obscurus it scarcely needs comparison, 
as it is in every respect so much larger. 
The geographic ranges of the three forms of Molothrus ater, after 
the revision now necessary by the recognition of an additional 
subspecies, are as follows: 
Molothrus ater ater.— Eastern North America: breeds north to 
New Brunswick, Quebec, and Ontario; west to Minnesota, Iowa, 
1 Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool., V, No. 5, December 31, 1909, p. 276. 
2 Auk, XX VII, No. 1, January 4, 1910, p. 61. 
3 Auk, XXVII, No. 1, January 4, 1910, pp. 61-62. 
