pot 1917 Ae NicHots, Murpuy anp Griscom, Long Island Notes. 435 
migration route follows the coast-line, roughly speaking. With 
many of the waterbirds, however, this is not the case. Too many 
species arrive in spring at the eastern end of the island either before 
they are recorded at the western end, or in the case of the rarer 
species they are not recorded at all at the western end. It is 
accordingly our belief that the majority of the water-birds never 
see the western end of Long Island, but fly across the ocean to the 
New Jersey coast. In this connection it is interesting to note that 
waterbirds are apparently much more numerous on the southern 
half of the Jersey coast than the northern, indicating possibly more 
exactly the route taken. Undoubtedly civilization and its attend- 
ant evils from the bird’s point of view have done much to bring this 
state of affairs about. 
The land birds also furnish interesting corroborative evidence. 
The outer beaches of the south shore are a favorite migration route 
with them, and any type of land bird is apt to be found in the bay- 
berries or in the beach grass. Land birds are abundant in the 
migrations on Fire Island Beach, common on Jones Beach, notice- 
ably less so on Long Beach, and their numbers are insignificant at 
Rockaway Beach which furnishes much better country for them 
than Long Beach. During the trips to and from Europe that one 
of the authors has made during the migrations, land birds have 
invariably boarded the vessel off Long Island, as far west as Long 
Beach, but never farther west. There seems then to be excellent 
evidence to indicate an over sea flight on the part of the land 
birds as well. Still further evidence is supplied by the study of the 
records of accidental or casual southern species. It is well known 
that such wanderers attach themselves to bands of migrants for the 
sake of company. The great majority of such species recorded 
for Long Island have been taken at the eastern end of the island. 
In the second place, Long Island is sharply divided geologically 
into a northern and southern half by the terminal moraine. The 
flora of the two sections is pronouncedly different, and the avifauna 
is slightly so— about as much difference as there is between the 
Piedmont and the coastal plain regions of New Jersey. Due to 
the formation of the coast, the waterfowl are much less abundant 
on the north shore. 
To recapitulate: 
