New Mineral from Sussex County, New-Jersey. 37 



Examination of a Mineral from Andover Furnace, Sussex 

 County, New-Jersey. By James Renwick, Professor of 

 Natural and Experimental Philosophy and Chemistry in 

 Columbia College. Read Oct. 20th, 1823. 



The substance in question was found by Charles Kinsey, 

 Esq. of Essex, while engaged in collecting the minerals adja- 

 cent to the route of the Morris canal. I have also been lately 

 informed, that it was brought from the same place several 

 years since by Col. Gibbs, to whom the merit of an earlier 

 discovery is in consequence due. It exists intimately con- 

 nected with, and disseminated through the ore of the Andover 

 mine ; an ore that was at one period famous for producing the 

 best iron in North America, and the only kind from which steel 

 has been successfully manufactured. 



This ore appears, at the first glance, to be composed of three 

 very distinct substances. The first is intermediate in appear- 

 ance between the granular Franklinite and the large-grained 

 magnetic iron ore of Gov. Dickerson's mine at Succasinny : 

 on a cursory examination, it seems to be a protoxide of iron, 

 with a slight trace of zinc. The second is an amorphous 

 quartz, tinged with a colour varying from a pale rose-colour 

 to a deep vermilion. The third is of a dull vermilion red, 

 and of a granular fracture ; in some specimens fine, in others 

 coarse grained. This last was chosen as the subject of exa- 

 mination ; it is hard enough to scratch glass ; its powder is 

 rose red ; it slightly affects the magnet ; and it effervesces 

 with acids. It had been supposed by Judge Kinsey, who 

 found large quantities of the cadmia among the scoria of the 

 Andover furnace, that it might be a red oxide of zinc. My 

 first experiments showed that it had no analogy with that sub- 

 stance, and it having been subjected to the action of the blow- 

 pipe by Dr. Torrey, he inferred that it might contain Cerium. 

 as it formed with borax a glass that was green while hot, but 



