132 Journal of Entomologj and Zoology 



"The young of Lycosa remain in the cocoon until the second moult, 

 after which they emerge and clamber upon the mother's hack 

 where the third and fourth moults occur before the little fellows 

 begin independent housekeeping in miniature burrows of their 

 own." With the other species it was difficult to see how main- 

 moults occurred before egress from the sac and no accurate data 

 was found upon it. 



There was a great difference between the different families in 

 the actual time o\ emerging. The Attidae, Lycosidae, Theridiida 1 

 and Oxyopidae seemed to pop right out of the sac like ripe peas out 

 o\ a pod, while the Araneinae took from one to two days or a tew 

 hours, all according to the heat and sunshine. Those egg sacs which 

 were kept in a dark box were very slow in emerging. One little 

 one would force its way out oi a corner of the cocoon, spin a line 

 o\ web to the corner ot the box and spend adl the rest ot the day 

 running up and down that thread. The others might not appear for 

 a day or two. It the box with its one little occupant was placed in 

 the sunshine, inside ot two hours every one ot the spiderlings would 

 be out spinning. Egg sacs which showed no signs of hatching 

 were placed in the sunlight and within two hours one little one 

 would be out and the rest soon followed. These experiments with 

 the dark and light in reference to the length ot time oi emerging 

 were only carried on successfully with those ot the Araneinae. The 

 other egg sacs were placed in sunshine each day but it did not seem 

 to force the young from the sac. 1 he Attidae came out with the 

 application ot both heat and sunshine, but seemed to be prematurely 

 "hatched," as they were inactive and soon died. Sunshine alone 

 did not force them out, but the application of heat was sufficient, 

 after a day's application. The natural time ot emerging tor the 

 Attidae is in hot summer weather so this in a way explains why heat 

 was so effective. 1 leat or sunshine had no effect upon hatrodectus 

 or Lycosa except just at the time ot emerging. They could not be 

 forced to emerge. A definite conclusion was reached, — that the 

 young will wait for a sunny day to emerge. This seems to be true 

 ot all families. Not one was found which had emerged upon a 

 cold, cloudy day. The house-raised spiders of all the groups 

 studied emerged earlier than the ones out-of-doors in their natural 



