148 Journal of Entomology and Zoology 



the body might not be exactly as the adult at the beginning, but even 

 then it was in most cases enough like it to help to determine the 

 family. By shape alone could one tell a young attid or young trap- 

 door spider. The position of the eyes was the same as the adult 

 in all cases. 



2. Color changes took place without the aid of moulting. It was 

 noted with all the specimens that slight changes took place, such 

 as darkening of the ground color, or a clearing of the pattern 

 between moults. This was not true of body changes, as they only 

 occurred through moulting, but it is true that then, and only then, 

 occurred the great and varied changes of coloration and color pat- 

 tern. This view of the color changing between moults is not held 

 by most of the writers upon spiders, and it is only through daily 

 observation that this slight changing can be seen. 



3. The lack or abundance of foot! was found to be a great factor 

 in the rapidity of moults and also the color development. The 

 poorly fed spiderling moulted slowly and showed very little differ- 

 ence of color with each moult. The satisfied spiderling moulted at 

 definite periods ami showed great development of color as well as 

 development of body. The intensity of the colors always became 

 greater after a meal. Heat and sunshine also were factors with 

 the food. The spiders kept in a dark place had as much color in 

 their bodies as those in the sunshine, but their development was 

 retarded. 



4. There was a great difference in the amount of change in 

 the color pattern in different species. Some had a good many, some 

 only one or two. The ones with the greatest number of changes 

 were the brilliantly colored adults or the striking adults. The 

 Thomisidae, Lycosidae and Aviculariidae had very little change, 

 and the young of any of these could be told at once by their close 

 resemblance to the adult. The changes from the immature to the 

 adult in these families were finished after the second or third moult 

 from the egg case. The sexual differences did not appear until later. 



5. The young in one brood looked all alike and resembled the 

 adult female. This was true up to the last few moults. McCook in 

 his book states: "Among the young of the Lycosa and Attus, 

 according to Wagner, these modifications are effected with the 



