﻿REPORT 
  OF 
  THE 
  SECRETARY 
  75 
  

  

  in 
  his 
  work. 
  Doctor 
  Hrdlicka 
  left 
  on 
  the 
  Bear 
  July 
  22 
  with 
  the 
  

   intention 
  of 
  landing 
  Avhere 
  indications 
  might 
  demand; 
  but 
  notwith- 
  

   standing 
  certain 
  disadvantages, 
  until 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  Bear'^s 
  journey 
  

   he 
  did 
  not 
  feel 
  justified 
  in 
  leaving 
  the 
  ship. 
  

  

  The 
  trip, 
  barring 
  the 
  storms, 
  ice, 
  etc., 
  was 
  propitious. 
  The 
  ship 
  

   stopped 
  at 
  every 
  place 
  of 
  importance 
  along 
  the 
  whole 
  coast 
  up 
  to 
  

   Point 
  Barrow. 
  He 
  was 
  given 
  facilities 
  and 
  help 
  to 
  make 
  at 
  least 
  

   the 
  most 
  necessary 
  observations 
  and 
  collections. 
  

  

  Scientific 
  res^dts. 
  — 
  The 
  whole 
  trip 
  was 
  very 
  useful, 
  and 
  threw 
  a 
  

   definite 
  light 
  on 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  important 
  problems 
  in 
  the 
  regions 
  

   covered. 
  It 
  suggested 
  definite 
  notions 
  as 
  to 
  what 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  done 
  in 
  

   the 
  future, 
  among 
  which 
  are 
  the 
  following 
  : 
  

  

  Antiquity 
  of 
  man. 
  — 
  Much 
  that 
  was 
  seen 
  strengthens 
  the 
  probabili- 
  

   ties, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  showing 
  the 
  facilities 
  of 
  Asiatic 
  migrations 
  over 
  and 
  

   along 
  the 
  Seward 
  Peninsula, 
  across 
  Bering 
  Sea, 
  and 
  also 
  by 
  way 
  of 
  

   the 
  Aleutian 
  Islands. 
  But 
  material 
  evidence 
  of 
  these 
  comings 
  was 
  

   not 
  found, 
  and 
  must 
  be 
  very 
  limited, 
  if 
  not 
  completely 
  wanting, 
  for 
  

   the 
  following 
  reasons 
  : 
  The 
  comings 
  could 
  have 
  been 
  only 
  by 
  small 
  

   numbers 
  of 
  people, 
  and 
  these 
  contingents 
  would 
  effect 
  but 
  small 
  and 
  

   temporary 
  settlements 
  along 
  the 
  coasts 
  and 
  perhaps 
  the 
  banks 
  of 
  a 
  

   few 
  streams. 
  The 
  reasons 
  were 
  a 
  relative 
  scarcity 
  of 
  the 
  population 
  

   in 
  the 
  northeastern 
  parts 
  of 
  Asia, 
  on 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  limited 
  resources 
  

   of 
  that 
  region 
  ; 
  the 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  nomadic 
  habits 
  of 
  the 
  people, 
  due 
  to 
  

   seasonal 
  condi^ons 
  and 
  the 
  shifting 
  food 
  supply; 
  their 
  dependence 
  

   on 
  the 
  sea 
  and 
  rivers 
  for 
  both 
  food 
  and 
  movement, 
  the 
  hinterland 
  

   being 
  poor 
  in 
  resources 
  and 
  not 
  favorable 
  for 
  migrations 
  toward 
  

   more 
  desirable 
  regions. 
  

  

  Old 
  Eshitno 
  sites. 
  — 
  Older 
  abandoned 
  sites 
  of 
  the 
  Eskimo, 
  from 
  

   those 
  of 
  small 
  camps 
  with 
  perhaps 
  only 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  " 
  igloos 
  " 
  

   to 
  good-sized 
  dead 
  villages, 
  are 
  quite 
  common. 
  They 
  occur 
  as 
  a 
  rule 
  

   on, 
  or 
  just 
  above, 
  the 
  low 
  " 
  spits" 
  and 
  beaches 
  of 
  the 
  sea 
  and 
  on 
  the 
  

   banks 
  of 
  the 
  rivers 
  or 
  lakes. 
  

  

  The 
  Teller 
  'battle 
  field. 
  — 
  This 
  consists 
  merely 
  of 
  a 
  tundra 
  plain, 
  

   dotted 
  with 
  small 
  lagoons. 
  In 
  its 
  vicinity 
  are 
  at 
  least 
  two, 
  and 
  prob- 
  

   ably 
  more, 
  small 
  old 
  sites, 
  with 
  their 
  graves 
  for 
  the 
  most 
  part 
  al- 
  

   ready 
  assimilated 
  by 
  the 
  tundra. 
  The 
  plain 
  itself 
  shows, 
  as 
  far 
  as 
  

   seen, 
  nothing 
  but 
  moss 
  and 
  other 
  similar 
  vegetation. 
  

  

  The 
  archeological 
  objects 
  that 
  it 
  was 
  possible 
  to 
  secure 
  show: 
  (1) 
  

   Contact 
  with 
  Asia; 
  (2) 
  two 
  varieties 
  of 
  decoration, 
  rectilinear 
  

   and 
  curvilinear, 
  the 
  latter 
  much 
  superior 
  to 
  the 
  former; 
  (3) 
  exten- 
  

   sive 
  trading 
  ("jade," 
  slate, 
  obsidian); 
  (4) 
  a 
  great 
  differentiation 
  

   and 
  variety 
  in 
  places, 
  indicating 
  a 
  rather 
  high 
  culture. 
  

  

  This 
  survey 
  of 
  conditions 
  in 
  the 
  northwestern 
  part 
  of 
  Alaska 
  

   indicates 
  the 
  need 
  of 
  prompt 
  work 
  of 
  archeological 
  and 
  anthro- 
  

   pological 
  nature 
  in 
  several 
  directions. 
  

  

  