﻿470 
  ANNUAL 
  EEPORT 
  SMITHSONIAN 
  INSTITUTION, 
  1927 
  

  

  An 
  isolated 
  group 
  of 
  the 
  Kwakiiitl 
  lives 
  farther 
  north 
  in 
  the 
  vicinity 
  

   of 
  Fitzhugh 
  Sound. 
  The 
  Nootka 
  occupy 
  the 
  western 
  half 
  of 
  Van- 
  

   couver 
  Island 
  and 
  are 
  closel}^ 
  related 
  in 
  speech 
  and 
  culture 
  to 
  the 
  

   Makah, 
  a 
  tribe 
  occupying 
  the 
  territory 
  eastward 
  from 
  Cape 
  Flattery 
  

   and 
  south 
  of 
  the 
  straits 
  of 
  San 
  Juan 
  de 
  Fuca 
  in 
  the 
  State 
  of 
  

   Washington. 
  

  

  Physical 
  characteristics 
  and 
  ethnic 
  relationship. 
  — 
  Indian 
  tribes 
  

   occupying 
  the 
  southeastern 
  Alaskan 
  coast 
  and 
  the 
  adjacent 
  island 
  

   archipelago 
  appear 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  related 
  at 
  one 
  time 
  to 
  the 
  Aztec 
  

   tribes 
  of 
  Mexico 
  to 
  whom 
  they 
  show 
  startling 
  physical 
  and 
  cultural 
  

   resemblances. 
  The 
  skin 
  has 
  a 
  pale 
  brown 
  color 
  of 
  a 
  yellowish 
  tinge 
  ; 
  

   the 
  hair 
  is 
  black 
  and 
  straight. 
  There 
  is 
  but 
  little 
  facial 
  ^Dilosity. 
  

   Occasionally 
  males 
  among 
  both 
  Tlingit 
  and 
  Makah 
  stocks 
  have 
  a 
  

   beard 
  development 
  much 
  like 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  Japanese. 
  Because 
  of 
  this 
  

   and 
  other 
  phj^sical 
  resemblances 
  northwest 
  coast 
  natives 
  are 
  often 
  

   mistaken 
  for 
  Japanese. 
  The 
  nose 
  is 
  entirely 
  different 
  from 
  the 
  

   aquiline 
  structure 
  of 
  the 
  Sioux 
  and 
  other 
  Plains 
  Indians; 
  it 
  is 
  more 
  

   often 
  concave 
  or 
  depressed. 
  Ej^es 
  are 
  brown 
  and 
  the 
  stature 
  is 
  

   somewhat 
  short 
  and 
  stocky. 
  The 
  head 
  is 
  very 
  broad. 
  The 
  natives 
  

   of 
  southeast 
  Alaska 
  are 
  shorter 
  of 
  stature 
  and 
  broader 
  of 
  head 
  than 
  

   are 
  the 
  tribes 
  farther 
  north. 
  There 
  is 
  a 
  marked 
  contrast 
  in 
  this 
  

   respect 
  between 
  them 
  and 
  the 
  Eskimo 
  of 
  west 
  Alaska, 
  although 
  the 
  

   Aleuts 
  and 
  the 
  Tinne 
  Indian 
  tribes 
  of 
  the 
  Alaskan 
  interior 
  occupy 
  

   a 
  somewhat 
  intermediate 
  position. 
  

  

  Body 
  deformation 
  and 
  ohjects 
  of 
  personal 
  adornment. 
  — 
  Cranial 
  

   deformation 
  as 
  practiced 
  by 
  the 
  natives 
  of 
  Vancouver 
  Island, 
  the 
  

   Nootka 
  and 
  Kwakiutl, 
  and 
  by 
  the 
  tribes 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  Columbia 
  Valley 
  

   in 
  the 
  States 
  of 
  Washington 
  and 
  Oregon 
  is 
  unknown 
  to 
  the 
  tribes 
  of 
  

   southeast 
  Alaska, 
  although 
  distortion 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  lip 
  is 
  effected 
  by 
  

   the 
  women 
  through 
  the 
  wearing 
  of 
  labrets 
  placed 
  in 
  the 
  lower 
  lip. 
  

  

  Tattooing 
  was 
  formerly 
  commonly 
  practiced 
  by 
  both 
  men 
  and 
  

   women, 
  as 
  was 
  also 
  the 
  painting 
  of 
  the 
  face 
  on 
  all 
  ceremonial 
  occa- 
  

   sions. 
  The 
  piercing 
  of 
  the 
  septum 
  of 
  the 
  nose 
  and 
  of 
  the 
  lobe 
  of 
  the 
  

   ear 
  for 
  the 
  v,^earing 
  of 
  nose 
  and 
  ear 
  ornaments 
  was 
  general. 
  Other 
  

   objects 
  of 
  personal 
  adornment 
  include 
  necklaces 
  of 
  puffin 
  beaks 
  and 
  

   of 
  shells. 
  Pendants 
  of 
  shell 
  and 
  combs 
  of 
  wood 
  and 
  of 
  horn 
  have 
  

   designs 
  etched 
  on 
  their 
  carved 
  surfaces. 
  A 
  variety 
  of 
  deep-sea 
  shell, 
  

   abalone 
  {Haliotis), 
  was 
  used 
  as 
  an 
  ornamental 
  object 
  of 
  personal 
  

   adornment, 
  also 
  as 
  an 
  inlay. 
  The 
  dentalium 
  shell 
  was 
  prized 
  and 
  

   utilized 
  in 
  making 
  pendants 
  and 
  necklaces. 
  

  

  Clothing. 
  — 
  Clothing 
  was 
  formerly 
  made 
  of 
  skins 
  or 
  furs 
  and 
  of 
  

   woven 
  materials. 
  The 
  long 
  fur 
  robe 
  worn 
  by 
  both 
  men 
  and 
  women 
  

   later 
  gave 
  way 
  to 
  the 
  trade 
  blanket. 
  The 
  Chilkat 
  also 
  wove 
  a 
  blanket 
  

   from 
  the 
  wool 
  of 
  the 
  mountain 
  goat 
  and 
  cedar 
  bark. 
  These 
  blankets 
  

   incorporated 
  totemic 
  designs 
  in 
  pale 
  green, 
  black, 
  and 
  yellow 
  colors. 
  

  

  