Element in the Fauna of India. 291 



Mr. Wallace's lists that the only families of birds found in 

 India which are not Ethiopian are the GertMidce^ Phyllor- 

 nithidce, and Ar-tamidce, each of which is represented by but a 

 single species in Central India. In the Himalayas and in the 

 countries immediately to the eastward of India, five additional 

 non-African families are found, according to Mr. Wallace's 

 classification, viz. : — Panuridce, Liotrichidce, Pachycephalidce^ 

 Eurylmmidce^ and Podargidce. The following Ethiopian fami- 

 lies are also Indian, but not found in any other part of the 

 Oriental region so far as I know — Pteroclidce^ Otididce^ Cur- 

 soridce^ Phcenicopteridoi'^ ] so that there are actually more fami- 

 lies of birds found in India which are not found in Burmah 

 even, than there are which are not also represented in Africa. 

 In Mr. Blyth's lists of Burmese birds (J. A. S. B. 1875) the 

 following families are included which are not found in 

 the Indian province — Henicuridce^ Gan-ulacidce, Liotrichidce^ 

 Piprid(e^ Euryliemidce. It should be remarked that Mr. 

 Blyth's families differ materially from Mr. Wallace's ; but the 

 result in this respect is the same. If, now, we proceed to cal- 

 culate the number of species belonging to the families, and to 

 limit to the true characteristic subprovinces the area of the 

 Indian province compared, the result will be far more startling. 



1. Found in the typical subprovinces of Families. Species. 



India, but unknown in Africa . . 3 comprising 3 



N.B. Of these three families, one, 

 Artamidce, is principally Australian; 

 another, Gertliiidce^ is chiefly Paige- 

 arctic, and is only represented to 

 the east of India by one species in 

 the Philippine Islands. 



2. Found in the same subprovinces and 



common to Africa, but unknown 

 east of the Bay of Bengal even in 

 Burmah [PterocUdce 3 species, Oti~ 

 didce 3 species, Cursoridoi 1 species, 

 Ph(Bnicopterid(e 2 species) ... 4 „ 9 



3. Found in Burmahf, but unrepresented 



in the typical subprovinces of India 

 {Trogonidm 2 species, Henicuridce 

 4, Qarrulacidce 15, Liotrichidce 10, 

 Pipridce [Calyjptonema) 1, Eury- 

 Icemidce 8) 6 „ 40 



* GruidcB might be added if India be compared with Malayasia j but 

 cranes are said to occur in Upper Burmah and in China. 

 t Taken from Mr. Blyth's lists, I.e. 



