460 Mr. H. J. Carter on Deep-sea 



their memoirs respectively, which no one engaged in the 

 study of sponges, either recent or fossil, should be without. 



LiTHiSTiNA, Carter. 



There were four species of Lithistina dredged up on board 

 the ' Porcupine ' during the cruise of 1870, probably all 

 from the neighbourhood of Cape St. Vincent, viz. Corallistes 

 Bowerhankii, Discodermia yolydiscus^ Macandrewia azorica, 

 and Azorica Pfeifferce — the two former in dead fragments, and 

 the two latter in a living state. I am unable to say with cer- 

 tainty i\\2ii Discodermia poly discus came from the same locality 

 as the rest, because the specimens, which are dry, are without 

 number ; but presumptive evidence is in favour of it. 



Corallistes Bowerhayihii, Carter, l^lQj-=Dactylocalyx Bower- 

 bankii^ Johnson, 1863,= Corallistes typus^ Schmidt, 1870. 



The type specimen of this sponge is in the British Museum, 

 and in general form might be likened to a large, shallow, patu- 

 lous cup with undulating sides and round edges, supported on a 

 thick short stem. It is 12 inches in diameter, and | an inch thick 

 in the wall ; and its structure internally, which consists of the 

 flligreed form of spicule common to the Lithistina, is faced by 

 a dermal layer of three-armed shafts, the arms of which are 

 furcated, intercross with each other and in all parts, are round, 

 smooth, and pointed, not filigreed ; these, again, are imbedded 

 in the dermal sarcode, which is charged with a single form of 

 flesh-spicule, consisting of a short, thick, subspiral shaft, 

 tuberculo-spined throughout, and not two forms, as erroneously 

 stated in my paper on the Hexactinellidge and Lithistidge 

 ('Annals,' 1873, vol. xii. pp. 437 & 441), which mistake was 

 occasioned by my having described from a slide into which 

 the acerate flesh-spicules of Macandrewia azorica had got by 

 accident. Colour cream-yellow in the dried state. 



I have changed the wdimo, oi ^^Dactylocalyx Bowerhankii''^ 

 to that of Corallistes Bowerhankii for two reasons, viz. : — first, 

 because Dactylocalyx was given by Stutchbury to a Hexacti- 

 nellid sponge, viz. D. pumiceusj so far back as 1841 (half of 

 which is in the British Museum), and therefore is typically 

 connected with this order of sponges ; and secondly, because 

 Schmidt has given the name of ^^Corallistes " to many of his 

 Lithistid sponges, which belong to a totally different order — 

 thus avoiding the confusion which must arise by mixing up 

 in name the Hexactinellid with the Lithistid sponges. So far, 

 too, all the Lithistina are sessile or thick, short, stipitate sponges, 



