LITUOLIDAE 91 



The two species have been confused by authors ever since H. scitulus was created by 

 Brady in 1881, akhough Brady's figures are correct for his species. An examination of 

 the records will be necessary to separate the forms. At present I can only state that 

 Recurvoides is very widely distributed. It was included in several of the Terra Nova 

 records of Haplophragmium scitulum (Sts. 6, 10, 13, 22 at least— H.-A. and E. 1922, 

 TN, p. 99), thus including both the New Zealand and Antarctic areas. 



The specimen figured by Wiesner from Kaiser Wilhelm's Land under the name 

 H. scititlas, Brady, is unquestionably Recurvoides contortiis, as it shows the inequilateral 

 coiling and a convex umbilical area. He mentions that his specimens, which were 

 abundant, were built of coarser sand grains than Brady's type. This is frequently the 

 case, although R. contortiis in the Discovery material shows great variation in the 

 material used, sometimes employing coarse sand grains, and at other times fine sand 

 and mud. 



At an earlier date Flint had confused the two forms (F. 1899, RFA, pi. xx, fig. 2), for 

 the section shown in his photograph of Haplophragmmm scitidiis is clearly Recurvoides 

 contortiis, as also is at least one of his other figures. He records Haplophragmium 

 scitulus from the West Indies and the west coast of Patagonia, but there is no evidence 

 as to the locality from which his figured specimens came. 



The two species occur together in various dredgings from deep water off the British 

 Isles, and have been recorded as H. scitulus. The species described by Brady as Haplo- 

 phragmium turbinatum (B. 1884, FC, p. 312, pi. xxxv, fig. 9) has been placed by various 

 authors in Haplophragmium, Haplophragmoides and Trochammina. It should be known 

 in future as Recurvoides tiirbinatus (Brady). Brady's original figure clearly shows a 

 change in the axis of coiling, and an examination of a series of specimens in different 

 stages of growth from the type station " Challenger 346" has proved its structure to be 

 that of Recurvoides. Possibly an examination of some other types of Haplophragmoides 

 may lead to the transfer of further species to the new genus. 



The small specimens recorded in the South Georgia report (SG 139) under the name 

 Trochammina turbtnata, Brady, do not possess a variable axis, but are true Trochamminoe. 

 They are described subsequently as Trochammina inconspicua, sp.n. (see No. igg post), 

 and the South Georgia report should be amended. 



169. Recurvoides contortus, sp.n. (Plate X, figs. 7-19). 



Haplophragmium scitulum {pars), Flint, 1899, RFA, p. 276, pi. xx, fig. 2. 



Haplophragmoides scititla, Wiesner, 193 1, FDSE, p. 96, pi. xii, fig. 141. 



Haplophragmoides scitulum, "oval variety", Earland, 1933, SG, No. 112, pi. iii, figs. 11-12. 



Sixty-five stations: 170, 171, 175, 177, 180-2, 194, 196-8, 203, 204, 360, 362, 363, 365, 369, 377, 

 383, 384; 62° 57' S, 60° 20' 30" W; WS 199, 201, 204, 383-7, 391, 393. 394. 403. 469. 471. 472, 474-6, 

 479, 480, 482-6, 494A, 494B, 495, 497, 498, 502, 505, 506, 507B, 509, 510, 512-17, 555. 



The general characters of the species are those of the genus. The test varies greatly in 

 appearance at different stages of growth. The young shell resembles a Trochammina, 

 convex on one face and with a depressed umbilical area on the other. The adult shell is 

 nearly circular and closely resembles Haplophragmoides scitulus, from which it may be 



