American Fisheries Society 409 



was negotiated by John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, John 

 Jay, and Henry Laurens. The treaty of 1818, which re- 

 vived the treaty of 1783 in modified form, was negotiated 

 by Albert Gallatin and Richard Rush. 



Among the other American ministers and ambassadors 

 at the court of St. James and distinguished special commis- 

 sioners and plenipotentiaries abroad who became actively 

 involved in the fishery negotiations and correspondence 

 were John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay, William Pinkney, 

 Edward Everett, Charles Francis Adams, James Russell 

 Lowell, Ed^vard J. Phelps, and Whitelaw Reid. 



American secretaries of state w^ho forcefully enunciated 

 the American position on the various phases of the contro- 

 versy and strenuously asserted the rights of our fishermen 

 included James Monroe, Martin Van Buren, John C. Cal- 

 houn, James Buchanan, Daniel Webster, Edward Everett, 

 W. L. Marcy, William H. Seward, Hamilton Fish, Wil- 

 liam M. Evarts, Thomas F. Bayard, and James G. Blaine. 



In the history of this long-standing dispute, the two 

 names that will always be most conspicuous because of the 

 important part these men played in preparing the way for 

 adjustment by arbitration are Sir Edward Grey, the British 

 Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, and Honorable 

 Elihu Root, American Secretary of State, and later chief 

 counsel for the United States before the court of arbi- 

 tration. 



The arbitration proceedings began at The Hague on 

 June 1, 1910, and continued until September 7, 1910, when 

 the award was announced. The court, by agreement, con- 

 sisted of five members of the permanent court of arbitra- 

 tion at The Hague, and its personnel was as follows : 



Dr. H. Lammasch, doctor of law, professor of the Uni- 

 versity of Vienna, aulic councilor, member of the upper 

 house of the Austrian Parliament. 



His Excellency Jonkheer A. F. de Savornin Lohman, 

 doctor of law, minister of state, former minister of the 

 interior, member of the second chamber of the Netherlands. 



