Vol. XIXT T^ D7 ^7 



igo2 J DwiGHT, Plumagc-Cyclcs. 2 C ? 



[Lao-opus assumes a special protec- ist Protective or juveno-tutelar. 

 tive plumage and by fositutelar 

 moult a compound non-nuptial 

 plumage.] 

 Non-nuptial (compound). ist Non-nuptial or compound 



juveno-non-nuptial. 

 Pieuuptial moult, if complete. ist Nuptial or simple juveno- 



nuptial. 



Pre7iuptial moult, if partial. ist Nuptial or compound juveno- 



nuptial. 

 Nuptial. 



Postnuptial moult complete. 



Annual (simple). 2d or adult Annual or simple 



annuo nuptial. 

 [Some Anatidre assume a special id or adult protective or tutelar, 

 protective plumage and by post- 

 tutelar moult a compound annual 

 plumage.] 



Non-nuptial (simple) 2d or adult Non-nuptial. 



Prenuptial moult if complete. 2d or simple adult Nuptial. 



Prenuptial moult, if partial. 2d or compound adult Nuptial. 



According to this arrangement of plumages, the old indefinite 

 terms are replaced by exact ones, and instead of ' downy young ' 

 we have natal, instead of • first (I) ' or ' nestling plumage ' we 

 \vz.\& fuvenal, and instead of 'autumnal,' 'winter,' 'non-breed- 

 ing,' ' nuptial ' or ' immature ' plumages we have the several 

 annual or nuptial plumages exactly indicated. It is therefore pos- 

 sible to represent the plumage-cycle of a species with considerable 

 accuracy, the following being a few examples. 



Passer domesticus. Natal, juvenal, simple annual. 



Merula migratoria. Natal, juvenal, compound annual. 



Carpodaciis purpurcus. Natal, juvenal, compound first annual, 

 simple adult annual. 



Colinus virginianus. Natal, juvenal, simple first non-nuptial, 

 compound nuptial, simple adult non-nuptial. 



Dolichonyx oryzivonis. Natal, juvenal, compound first non- 

 nuptial, simple nuptial, simple adult non-nuptial. 



