172 Anthony on Birds of Washhigto}! County^ Oregon. [April 



raised. A nest was found on April 28, in a big fir stub, three feet four 

 inches in diameter. About twelve feet from the ground was a hole, not 

 over an inch in diameter, running horizontally three inches, then turning 

 downward for six inches before opening out into the nest, which was of 

 cow and rabbit hair. It contained seven eggs, with large embryos. 



114. Regains calendula. Ruby-crowned Kinglet. — Not uncommon 

 winter resident. Usually seen in company with the two following species. 

 The Ruby-crown of this region is darker than those taken farther east. 



115. Regulus satrapa olivaceus. Golden-crowned Kinglet. — Much 

 more common than the preceding. Usually seen throughout the winter. 

 Our cold weather of last winter, however, drove all the Kinglets south, 

 and the few which returned were very tardy. The Golden-crowns, 

 however, must have chosen a different route north, for onlv five or six 

 were seen during the spring migration, in place of the thousands in the 

 spring of 1SS4. 



116. Turdus ustulatus. Russet-backed Thrush. — Not uncommon 

 summer resident. During the first week after its arrival it is very shy and 

 silent, keeping in the darkest and deepest thickets, uttering a single 

 chuck of alarm when disturbed. As their numbers increase, a few 

 are heard singing at dusk and in the early morning; by the time they 

 have all arrived the woods fairly ring with the clear metallic song of this 

 and the following species. It nests in dark secluded thickets. 



117. Turdus aonalaschkae. Dwarf Hermit Thrush. — Common sum- 

 mer resident. Arrives about April 20. with the preceding, which it closely 

 resembles in habits and song. 



X18. Meruia migratoria propinqua. Western Robin. — Abundant 

 nearly the entire year, only leaving for a few days in the wet season. 

 Several having white markings were noted, and one nearly or quite pure 

 albino was seen. 



119, Hesperocichla naevia. Varied Robin. 'Mountain Robin,' 'Swamp 

 Robin' of the natives. — An abundant winter resident; first seen late in 

 September. When they first arrive they are very shy and keep in the dark- 

 est recesses of the fir forests, where only the cluck of alarm, or an occa- 

 sional call-note is heard. As their numbers increase they are seen in flocks 

 feeding in the meadows. In December and January they were quite tame, 

 coming about the farm-houses and orchards, feeding on frozen apples and 

 whatever they could pick up. Specimens taken during the heavy storms 

 last winter (i884-'85) were mere skeletons and in very ragged plumage; 

 some taken in January were still moulting. One bird was seen with a 

 white patch as large as a silver half-dollar between the wings. They usu- 

 ally leave for the north before the last of March, although a few linger into 

 April, and show the same shy disposition as the September birds. 



120. Sialia mexicana. California Bluebird. — Very common sum- 

 mer resident. The Bluebird is the same cheery, happy fellow here that he 

 is everywhere^ Nests in hollow stubs or dead trees, from four to one hun- 

 dred feet up. 



