^°1908^T ^^^^"^ Literature. 337 



Menegaux on the Birds of the French Antarctic Expedition.' — The birds 

 included in this report number 23 species, of which only 21 are Antarctic. 

 Sixteen are represented by specimens — 150 skins, loesides many eggs, and 

 eggs and young preserved in alcohol for anatomical and embryological 

 study. Most of the species are treated at considerable length, vdth special 

 reference to their habits and seasons of migration, moult, etc. The account 

 of the 'Papou' (PygosceMs papua), occupies ten pages and summarizes, 

 apparently, all that is known of its life history. The account is decidedly 

 'hmnanized,' but is none the less entertaining and interesting. The other 

 Penguins, the single species each of Cormorant, Gull, Tern, and the Giant 

 Skua, are also treated in a similar way, but at less length. 



For the Penguins the author prefers the French vernacular name 'Man- 

 chot' to that of 'Pingouin,' on the ground that the latter was given origi- 

 nally to the Alc£e of the northern hemisphere and later extended to the 

 Penguins of the Antarctic. When Brisson, in 1760, separated the two 

 groups he applied the tenn Manchot to the Sphenicidse and restricted the 

 term Pingouin to certain. memters of the Alcidse, which distinction was 

 later adopted by Buffon, but almost uniformly disregarded by later authors. 

 While the proposed change is proper, it will doubtless be as hard to estab- 

 lish as it is to eradicate other misnomers that have acquired almost uni\'er- 

 sal usage. 



The first of the thirteen plates is a map of the distribution of the ' rooke- 

 ries ' of Manchots, Cormorants and Skuas to the west and north of Graham 

 Land, which are mostly, in this district, on the small islands to the west- 

 ward of Graham Land. The remaining twelve are made up of 43 half- 

 tone reproductions of photographs taken at the bird rookeries, fifteen 

 of which are from Charcot's "Le 'Frangais' au Pole Sud," from which 

 many extracts are also gi\-en on the habits of the birds observed by the 

 Expedition. These figures are all duly cited in the text, but the legends 

 on the plates and in the 'Explication des planches' fail to indicate the 

 species or the localities represented. — J. A. A. 



Reichenow on Sea-Birds. — Dr. Reichenow's valuable memoir- consists 

 of two parts, the first treating of the ' Vogel des Weltmeeres ' (pp. 437-535), 

 and the other the 'Vogel des Siidpolargebiet's (pp. 536-567). Here only 

 the Sea-birds of the eastern hemisphere are considered, leaWng for a future 

 memoir those of the western hemisphere. 



The first ten pages of the first part contain a general accomit of the dis- 

 tribution of the principal groups and prominent species, with a short list 

 of papers and works relating to the subject. This is followed by a systema- 



1 Expedition Antarctique Frangaise (1903-1905), commandee par le Dr. Jean 

 Charcot. Sciences natiirelles: Documents scientifiques. Oiseaux. Par A. Mene- 

 gaux. 4to, pp. 1-79, pU. i-xiii. No date. 



2 Vogel des Weltmeers 1 Die Meeresvogel der ostlischen Erdhalfte 1 Von Ant. 

 Reichenow | (Berlin) | Zeichnungen von G. Krause | Mit Tafel XLV-L | und 32 

 Abbildungen im Text — ■ From ' Deutsche Siidpolar-Expedition 1901-1903,' Bd. 

 X. Zoologie, I, pp. 435-567, pil. xlv-1, 33 figures in text, and a South Polar chart. 



