1908 ] SxvsDERs, Birds of Central Alabama. 415 



country are as follows: Bobwhite, Mourning Dove, Great Horned 

 Owl, Hairy Woodpecker, Downy Woodpecker, Red-cockaded 

 Woodpecker, Pileated Woodpecker, Flicker, Nighthawk, Chipping 

 Sparrow, Bachman's Sparrow, Indigo Bunting, Summer Tanager, 

 Yellow-throated Warbler, Black-throated Green Warbler, Pine 

 Warbler, Prairie Warbler, White-breasted Nuthatch, Brown-headed 

 Nuthatch, Tufted Titmouse, and CaroHna Chickadee. 



The hardwoods form a much denser forest than the pine. The 

 trees are in many places very tall and large. In open places there 

 is a thick undergrowth of vines, cane and various shrubs. The 

 breeding birds in this kind of country are as follows: Red-tailed 

 Hawk, Broad-winged Hawk, Yellow-billed Cuckoo, Downy Wood- 

 pecker, Red-bellied Woodpecker, Chuck- wills- widow. Ruby-throated 

 Hummingbird, Wood Pewee, Green-crested Flycatcher, Florida 

 Blue Jay, Cardinal, Scarlet Tanager, Red-eyed Vireo, Yellow- 

 throated Vireo, Black and White Warbler, Parula Warbler, Ceru- 

 lean Warbler, Louisiana Water Thrush, Kentucky Warbler, Hooded 

 Warbler, Carolina Wren, Tufted Titmouse, Carolina Chickadee, 

 Blue-gray Gnatcatcher, and Wood Thrush. 



The cleared land consists of small scattered farms, with a few 

 buildings, areas of ploughed fields, and second growth in deserted 

 fields. In moist places along the streams there are thickets of 

 blackberry and cane. The second growth is largely young pine 

 and red gum. The ploughed fields have many of them been cleared 

 by girdling the timber and leaving it standing. These fields, 

 full of old dead timber, form good nesting sites for many wood- 

 peckers and other hole-nesting birds. The species breeding in 

 this type of country are as follows: Bobwhite, Sparrow Hawk, 

 Downy Woodpecker, Red-headed Woodpecker, Red-bellied Wood- 

 pecker, Flicker, Chimney Swift, Kingbird, Crested Flycatcher, 

 Orchard Oriole, Goldfinch, English Sparrow, Field Sparrow, Cardi- 

 nal, Blue Grosbeak, Indigo Bunting, Purple Martin, White-eyed 

 Vireo, Blue-winged Warbler, Prairie Warbler, Maryland Yellow- 

 throat, Yellow-breasted Chat, Mockingbird, Catbird, Brown 

 Thrasher, Bewick's Wren, Brown-headed Nuthatch, and Bluebird. 



On my arrival in Alabama on INIarch 7, migration appeared to 

 be already under way. Probably some winter residents had already 

 left as only two Fox Sparrows were seen, and Phcebes, which I had 



