176 Wood, Rare Bird Records for Michigan. \pf$ 



ing records." The facts as observed by the members of the party 

 will be presented and the reader can draw his own conclusions. 

 It is well understood that the presence of adult birds, even when 

 accompanied by their young, is not positive proof of the breeding 

 of the species in that locality, except early in the breeding season. 

 .In order that we may fully understand the conditions which pre- 

 vail in the region worked it will be best to locate the Porcupine 

 Mountains on a map of Michigan. They are situated in Ontonagon 

 County on the south shore of Lake Superior. Across the lake to 

 Grand Marias, Minnesota, it is about 80 miles; Isle Royale is 67 

 miles north. To cross the lake south from these points would 

 be a long flight for young birds. It is possible that the birds 

 migrated here by land, either around the western end of Lake 

 Superior, or from Keweenaw Point, 100 miles to the northeast. 

 There is also the possibility of a migration, partly by land, from 

 the Minnesota shore opposite the Apostle Islands; where by 

 crossing 40 miles of water, a rest could be had before another 

 flight of about 40 miles due east over the lake, to the Porcupines. 

 But to my mind none of these possibilities account for the presence 

 of such northern forms as the Connecticut Warbler, Olive-backed 

 Thrush, Pigeon Hawk, and the White-winged Crossbill, all of 

 which I believe bred in the Porcupine Mountains during the past 

 summer of 1904. 



Given the presence of the young bird with the adult, the time 

 of the year at which they are seen does not so strongly substantiate 

 their breeding in a certain locality, as does the age and condition 

 of the young. I have tried to make plain in the list, the data 

 bearing on this point. I have excluded from the list birds that 

 are early migrants like the waders, of which we took the following 

 at the Porcupine Mountains: Wilson's Snipe July 19, Solitary 

 Sandpiper July 18 (we saw families of this bird on Carp River at 

 this date), Least Sandpiper July 21, and Yellow-legs August 3. 



Isle Royale is about 15 miles from the Canadian shore and this 

 distance would prevent migration of northern species until the 

 young were old and strong enough to make the flight. All 

 unfledged young seen here were surely bred on the Isle. The 

 presence also, in the summer, of the Sharp-tailed Grouse on the 

 island proves to me that they breed here. Additional authority 



