° 1915 J Phillips, Variation in English Sparrows. 53 



Occasionally specimens of pure domesticus with head characters 

 of this race are found in Germany. 



P. d. ahasver Kleinschmidt: Just like domesticus, but a round 

 spot in center of the top of the head is grey, surrounded by a circle 

 of brownish red which protrudes a little over the forehead. Author 

 has only one specimen, so form is not definitely fixed. Distribu- 

 tion: Countries south of Atlas. 



P. d. arboreus Bonaparte: A small and lively colored species of 

 domesticus. Top of head a rusty brownish grey in fall; in spring 

 a lively reddish, chestnut brown, with very narrow black stripes. 

 In fall we can see light rusty brown feather tips which are soon 

 worn off. Rump and upper tail coverts always show more or less 

 rusty red spots. Wing of the male, 72-74; female only distin- 

 guished from domesticus by smaller dimensions. Distribution: 

 Nile, Dongola and Berber, south to twelve degrees. Found near 

 Khartoum commonly. 



P. d. chephreni Phillips: This race, recently separated by myself 

 (Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 1913, p. 167), is like P. d. indicus but the 

 cheeks and ear coverts are darker. Hartert noticed this difference 

 but did not separate this bird. Its distribution is the northern 

 Nile Valley. 



P. d. indicus Jardine & Selby : Noticeably smaller, Wing 74-78 ; 

 light head areas pure white; upper ear coverts often of light grey 

 tint and general colors lighter. Distribution: Cochin China^ 

 Burma (in Terrasserim South to Moulmein), Ceylon, India, 

 Turkestan, Transcaspia, Persia and So. Arabia. Transcaspian 

 birds are sometimes intermediate to P. domesticus. 



P. d. Pyrrhonotus Blyth : A very small sparrow with a light grey 

 center on the head, small black spot on throat and a chestnut 

 brown lower back. Wing of male, 68-69. Distribution: Sindh 

 (Narra) . 



Nicoll and Bonhote described another race, P. d. niloticus from 

 the desert east of Cairo, which is apparently somewhat like P. d. 

 arboreus. / 



I am not familiar at first hand with these races except biblicus, 

 indicus, arboreus and chephreni. Indicus is a very strongly marked 

 subspecies and is recognized at a glance, and so is arboreus. Some 

 of the other races are less well marked. 



