1915 J Coale, The Trumpeter Swan. 83 



It breeds as far south as latitude 61°; but principally within the 

 Arctic Circle . . . . " The type of the species is a mounted bird in 

 the Hudson Bay Museum. It measures length 70 inches; tail 9.6 

 inches, wing 26 in., bill above 4.11 in., nostril to tip 2.7 in., tip of 

 bill to eye 6 in., mid. toe 6.9 in. 



Lawson observes (History of North Carolina, 1831.) "There 

 are two sorts of swans in Carolina, the larger of which is called from 

 its note the Trumpeter," and Hearne adds, " I have heard them in 

 serene evenings, after sunset, make a noise not very unlike a French 

 horn, but entirely divested of every note that constitutes melody, 

 and have often been sorry that it did not forbode its death." 



At the annual meeting of the Boston Society of Natural History, 

 May 17, 1843, Dr. Wyman "Exhibited the sternum of a male 

 Trumpeter Swan. The keel of the breast bone contains a remark- 

 able cavity extending its whole length designed to receive the 

 trachea It only exists in the male." 



Preble (North American Fauna No. 27) says: "McFarlane 

 states that between 1853 and 1877 the Hudson Bay Company sold 

 a total of 17,671 swan skins. The number sold annually ranged 

 from 1312 in 1854 to 122 in 1881 ", and Nuttall is quoted as saying 

 that the Trumpeter Swan furnished the bulk of them." 



Dr. Suckley remarks (Pacific R. R. Rep., Vol. XII, 1853-5): 

 " I obtained a fine Trumpeter Swan on Pike's Lake, Minnesota, in 

 June 1853. They were quite common on the lakes in that vicinity 

 in the Summer, breeding and raising their young." 



Baird (Pacific R. R. Rep., Vol. IX, 1858) says that it ranges over 

 " Western America from the Mississippi Valley to the Pacific " ; and 

 remarks "this large and powerful swan doubtless has special ana- 

 tomical peculiarities of trachea to distinguish it from C. americanus, 

 as the note is much more sonorous." 



McFarlane (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XIV, 1861, 66) says: "Sev- 

 eral nests were met with on the barren grounds on Islands in 

 Franklin Bay; one containing six eggs was situated on the beach 

 on a sloping knoll. It generally lays 4 to 6 eggs." 



At a meeting of Linnean Society of London, March 20, 1832 

 (Proc. Linnaean Society, p. 2) William Yarrell called attention to 

 the peculiar anatomy of this swan — "I am indebted to Dr. 

 Richardson for an example of the sternum and trachea of a new 



