^16 Todd, The Genus Ewpsychortyx. [April 



of black and white spots on the side of the neck, each feather being white, 

 tipped with a triangular spot of black; upper back russet, more or less 

 shaded with gray and finely but indistinctly vermiculated with black; 

 lower back similar but more grayish or buffy, with irregular black and 

 ochraceous blotches on each feather, these blotches becoming streaks on 

 the upper tail-coverts; tail indistinctly barred and finely but obscurely 

 vermiculated with neutral gray (or dusky) and soiled white; primaries 

 plain hair brown, their outer webs slightly paler; secondaries similar 

 but with the outer webs finely mottled with cinnamon or dull buffy in 

 increasing amount, the inner secondaries and scapulars colored like the 

 lower back, and with their inner (and often outer) webs broadly edged 

 with dull white, giving a prominently streaked appearance to these parts; 

 wing-coverts like the back, with more or less submarginal black spotting 

 and white edging; under wing-coverts hair brown, margined more or 

 less broadly with white; throat plain warm buff or buffy white, abruptly 

 contrasted with the breast, which is covered with rounded white spots, 

 two to each feather, separated from each other by a shaft-streak of russet 

 and preceded by a black spot or bar; these white spots grow larger on the 

 sides and increase in number on the feathers, finally coalescing into notched 

 streaks on the feathers of the flanks; under tail-coverts buffy, with black 

 shaft-streaks; chest and upper abdomen with a large patch of antique 

 brown, formed by the ends of the feathers, which are basally white, barred 

 with black; lower abdomen buffy; "iris brown; bill black; feet pale bluish 

 horn." 



Female similar in general to the male (except for the markings of the 

 head), but duller, the markings above coarser, the under surface paler, 

 with more white and less brown, the chest area ochraceous buff; middle 

 of crown (including crest) dull buffy or brown, with more or less black 

 intermixed; broad superciliaries and throat ochraceous, with faint darker 

 margins to the feathers; auriculars hair brown; otherwise about as in the 

 male. (The female is not known to assume the full male plumage, as 

 has been intimated by certain authors). 



Young (juvenal dress) similar to the adult female, but duller, more 

 brownish above, the markings coarser, the head-pattern merely indicated, 

 and the throat dull buffy, clouded with dusky across the middle. 



Measurements. — Male (thirteen specimens): wing, 97-109 (average, 

 101); tail, 56-69 (64); bill, 11.5-14 (13); tarsus, 27-30 (29). Female 

 (eleven specimens): wing, 93-107 (101); tail, 58-70 (63); bill, 12-13 

 (12.5); tarsus, 26-30 (28). 



Range. — Western Venezuela (States of Falcon and Lara) and outlying 

 islands of Aruba and Curacao, Dutch West Indies, west to the Goajira 

 Peninsula, Colombia. 



Remarks. — This species was the first of the group to receive 

 a binomial name, having been designated Tetrao cristatus by 



