dZo Nichols, Limicoline Voices. [oct. 



between species which associate has had some part in the evolution 

 of their calls, or that there is a tendency for certain analogous 

 notes of such species to approach one another. That the analo- 

 gous loud flight or identification note of each is so distinct indi- 

 cates that the opposite tendency is at work, which in turn, supports 

 the hypothesis that such calls have identification value for the 

 birds themselves, as they will soon come to have for any field stu- 

 dent who takes up the group. It seems scarcely probable that 

 the short flocking note of Krieker and Semipalmated Sandpiper 

 have any true homology with the analogous note of un-allied Lesser 

 Yellow-legs, but from seeing Lesser Yellow-legs and Kriekers 

 flocking together on meadows, equally favorable feeding grounds 

 for each, I suspect some such borrowing may have taken place 

 between these two. 



A clear ringing whinny, from a bird in a flock or otherwise, on 

 the ground or in the air, usually heard in the spring, is probably 

 in some manner associated with the breeding season. 



Western Sandpiper (Ereunetes mauri). Though some of its 

 calls seem indistinguishable, in general the notes of this species 

 (as studied on the north Gulf Coast of Florida, September 1919) 

 are unlike those of jnisillvs. Its most common loud call is variable 

 and may be written "chee-rp, cheep!" or "chir-eep. " This 

 note has the "ee" sound found in the "kreep" of the Least Sand- 

 piper, but has a plaintive quality suggestive of the note of the 

 Sanderling, and it also suggests the squawk of a young Robin. 

 Its closest resemblance to that of other small species is to the un- 

 loud "serup" heard from pusillus when flushing, and which varies 

 into the regular flight "cherk" of that bird. It seems to be the 

 corresponding flight-note of the Western Sandpiper, and is also 

 used by a bird on the ground calling to others in air which alight 

 with it, just as the flight "whew" of the Lesser Yellow-legs is so 

 used. 



Birds in flushing had a second dissimilar note "sirp" or at 

 another time, " chir-ir-ip, " which heard also in a medley of varia- 

 tions from a flock already on the wing, may be more or less anal- 

 ogous with the short flocking note of the Semipalmated Sand- 

 piper, and suggested the notes of the Horned Lark. 



