° 1919 J Burleigh, Bird-life in Southwestern France. 507 



were frequently encountered in small flocks, usually two or three together, 

 and never more than four. They seemed to show a preference for water, 

 for they were largely found in alders and underbrush bordering streams and 

 ponds. They probably remained until early spring, for several were seen 

 as late as December 22. 



48. Emberiza calandra calandra L. Common Bunting. — This bird 

 was seen only during the fall migration and then it was very scarce. But 

 two birds were recorded, one October 22 and the other October 25, feeding 

 each time in underbrush bordering an open field. In general appearance 

 and actions they reminded me much of our Song Sparrow. 



49. Emberiza cirlus L. Cirl Bunting. — On December 14 one 

 bird was seen feeding with a small flock of Reed Buntings at the edge of a 

 millet field. This was my only record for the occurrence of this species. 



50. Emberiza schoeniclus schoeniclus L. Reed Bunting. — It was 

 only during the fall migration that these birds were seen, but they were 

 fairly plentiful then. They occurred in small flocks and were largely found 

 feeding in millet fields. The first birds were seen October 22 and the last 

 small flock December 22. When approached they did not fly until almost 

 stepped on, and then flew up suddenly, uttering as they went a character- 

 istic high-pitched note. This, with their white outer tail feathers, made 

 them easy to identify. 



51. Motacilla alba alba L. White Wagtail. — Resident, and plen- 

 tiful about open fields, especially those under cultivation. Although seen 

 occasionally on a fence post, they were rarely found off the ground, and 

 were essentially birds of the meadows and pastures. On one occasion, 

 however, September 15, three were frightened from an alder thicket in the 

 branches of which they had evidently been feeding. They occurred 

 largely singly or two or three birds together. Small flocks were encountered 

 but very seldom. On June 1 five fully grown young were seen, out of the 

 nest several days at least. 



52. Motacilla flava flava L. Gray-headed Wagtail. — Unlike the 

 last this bird was only a winter resident. 1 1 was common about water, and 

 there were no ponds or streams of any size about which one or two could 

 not be found feeding during the fall and winter. Single birds were fre- 

 quently seen, but small flocks were of equally common occurrence. In 

 the spring the last bird was recorded March 17. The first one appeared 

 again August 25, and within a week they were quite plentiful. On Sep- 

 tember 8 they were unusually numerous along the shore of the lake, and 

 were observed in small flocks, feeding close to the heads of grazing cattle. 

 This habit was later found to be a common one with this species. 

 On September 15 a flock of fully fifty of these birds was seen, scattered 

 about several cows in the middle of a field. 



53. Anthus trivialis trivialis (L.). Tree Pipit. — In appearance 

 and actions this bird was very similar to our Pipit. It was resident and 

 plentiful throughout the year. During the fall and winter it occurred in 



' flocks of varying size, feeding in cultivated fields and pastures, but on the 



