552 Oberholser, Races of Quiscalus quiscula. [oct,. 



application. The Quiscalus purpureus of Stephens l is based on 

 the Gracula quiscula of Shaw, 2 and on Wilson's Gracula quiscala?- 

 both of which are, of course, the same as Gracula quiscula Linnaeus. 

 Also, Quiscalus purpuratus Swainson, 4 if, indeed, applicable to this 

 species, must be considered a synonym of Gracula quiscula Linnaeus. 

 The case of Quiscalus versicolor typicus is, however, somewhat 

 more complicated. This name was first used by Dr. Sclater, 5 

 not as a subspecific name, but to indicate the typical form of 

 Quiscalus versicolor [i. e., Quiscalus quiscula], as was the common 

 practice at that time, instead of repeating the specific name as 

 we do now, and, therefore, cannot be considered to have nomen- 

 clatural status as a subspecific designation. Moreover, Sclater 

 includes in the range of his Quiscalus versicolor typicus part of the 

 range of the southern bird, and further indicates by his text that 

 he did not intend the subspecific term "typicus" as a new name, 

 but merely to indicate the typical form of the species as distin- 

 guished from the two other subspecies. 6 



Mr. Ridgway, 7 however, has cited it in his synonymy of Quiscalus 

 quiscula quiscula as though it had regular standing, so the name, 

 consequently, must date from his introduction, and become a 

 synonym of Gracula quiscula Linnauis. 



From the above discussion it is seen that all the names applied 

 to birds from the southeastern United States are clearly referable 

 to the Florida race heretofore called Quiscalus quiscula aglwus, 

 but which now must stand as Quiscalus quiscula quiscula, and that 

 the bird heretofore known as Quiscalus quiscula quiscula must 

 have a new name. 



Quiscalus quiscula ridgwayi, nom. nov. 8 



Quiscalus quiscula quiscula Auct., nee Linnaeus. 



Chars. Subsp. — Similar to Quiscalus quiscula quiscula, but larger, 



' In Shaw, Gen. Zool., XIV, pt. 1, 1S2G, p. 4S. 



2 Gen. Zool., VII, 1809, p. 45S. 



3 Amer. Ornith., Ill, 1811, p. 44, pi. XXI, fig. 4. 



4 Anim. in Menag., 1838, p. 298. 



5 Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., XI, 1886, p. 394. 



6 Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., XI, 1886, pp. 394-395. 



» Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 50, pt. II, 1902, p. 217. 



8 I take pleasure, as a slight token of affection and esteem, in dedicating this familiar 

 bird to Mr. Robert Ridgway, whose contributions to the study of this group are well known 



