II2 ALLEN 
each of these veins empties directly into the right cardinal, which 
in Scorpenichthys runs along the ventral surface of the kidney. 
In both male and female the right and left spermatic veins are 
continued some little distance cephalad of the reproductive 
organs, and empty into their respective cardinal veins, a little 
behind the point of union of the cardinals with the jugulars to 
form the precava. 
The caudal vein (fig. 27; Cau.V.) in Hexagrammos after 
passing through the first caudal vertebra gives off an anterior 
and a posterzor renal portal vein (fig. 27; Ren.P.V.) The 
former is the principal renal portal vein; it continues cephalad 
along the dorsal surface of the kidney, and breaks up into 
numerous afferent renal veins. In one specimen this vein 
appeared to empty directly into the right cardinal vein. The 
smaller posterior renal portal breaks up in the caudal end of the 
kidney. One of its branches receives the vein designated as 
the wrenary bladder vein (fig. 27; U.B1.V), which may to some 
extent be analogous to the posterior mesenteric vein of Ophzo- 
don and Scorpenichthys; it has its source from a meshwork of 
small veins on the rectum, which anastomose with branches of 
intestinal vein,,); passing across and along the dorsal surface 
of the bladder from which it receives several branches, it pierces 
the ventro-caudal end of the kidney, and gives off several 
branches in the kidney before uniting with a branch of the 
renal portal. The rzght cardinal (fig. 27; R.Car.V.) as in the 
other genera arises in the extreme posterior end of the kidney, 
and passing cephalad close to the ventral wall, unites with the 
right jugular in the right fork of the kidney to form the right 
precava. The veins from the caudal region of the ovaries 
empty into a longitudinal vessel that passes between the ovaries ; 
farther forward this vein bifurcates, one branch running along 
the dorsal surface of the left ovary and the other along the 
right; both of them receiving numerous branches from the lat- 
eral surfaces of their respective ovaries. From the right longi- 
tudinal spermatic vein there arise an anterior and a posterior 
branch, both of which unite with the corresponding branches 
from the left longitudinal spermatic vein in forming the main 
anterior and posterior spermatic veins (fig. 27, Sper.V.a) ana 
()) Which empty directly into the right cardinal. 
