1S alee Kossk, Birds of Cape Disappointment, Wash. 353 
1900 
its southern representative, Colaptes cafer, and its note is louder and more 
ringing. Although I have never found its nest, in all probability the 
species breeds upon the cape, since I have found many deserted holes. 
These were generally placed in rotten tree trunks from fifteen to thirty 
feet above the ground. 
28. Trochilus rufus. Rurous HumMMINGBIRD.— This species is one 
of the most abundant birds found upon the cape. The cape swarms with 
them from the first part of March until September. They nest very early 
—about April 20 or 25, you may look for eggs. The majority of the 
nests are placed in thick fir trees and are built directly upon a horizontal 
bough, the needles of which often penetrate the bottom of the nest. 
This seems to be the only defect inthe most perfect and beautiful of bird 
structures! It is, however, not such acommon condition as I may have 
led you to suppose. About one nest in six or eight is thus defective. 
29. Sayornis saya. SAy’s PHase.— During my stay upon the cape 
I saw but one specimen of this species, which I shot on June 1, 1898. It 
was an adult male and I quote the following lines from my notes concern- 
ing this individual. ‘‘I found this bird upon the ocean beach among the 
drift wood. It was extremely wild and wary and would keep just out of 
range, flying from log to log as I approached. I was finally able to kill 
it by crawling on my hands and knees to a big log which concealed me.” 
The cape is an ideal place for Contofus borealis, but a very poor one for 
this species. 
30. Contopus borealis. OLIVE-sSIDED FLYCATCHER. —This species is 
most abundant throughout the summer. That is abundant for a bird as 
comparatively rare as is the Olive-sided Flycatcher. They arrive very 
early in May, the males preceding the females about one month, and 
remain until late summer or fall. During the month of May, 1898, I 
killed fifteen specimens and saw twice as many more, which is good proof 
of their abundance... Although plentiful they are rather difficult to shoot, 
their favorite perches being the tallest pines and spruces. Their pene- 
trating notes resound through the dark fir woods during the long days of 
summer, being the only sound which breaks a death-like silence. The 
notes, which are whistled shrilly, are something like this: Whe-whe-whea, 
uttered rather quickly and repeated twice. After repeating these notes 
four or five times, they whistle wiet-we-wea, an interval being between 
the first and the last two, which are sounded close together. 
In all probability this Flycatcher breeds upon the cape, but their nests 
are next to impossible to find. 4 
31. Contopus richardsoni. WersTERN Woop PEWEE.— Not so abun- 
dant as the last, but often seen associated with it and catching insects in 
the same tree. This species arrives soon after Contofus borealis, and 
remains about the same length of time. Probably breeds on the cape. 
32. Cyanocitta stelleri. STELLER’s JAY. — This Jay is very abundant in 
the fall and spring, but exceedingly scarce in winter, only one pair 
remaining on the éape through the winter of 1897-98. During the fall I 
