154 Miscellanies. 



prevailing rock, and extends five or six miles, through the village of 

 Madison/ This is the same rock which embraces the Bethlehem 

 caverns near Albany, and extends through Esopus, and along the 

 Hudson and Delaware canal, far into Pennsylvania. It lies under 

 the second graywacke slate, which contains the Carbondale and Le- 

 high anasphaltic coal, with petrifactions of glumaceous plants,* &c. 

 It is somewhat sparry at its under side, becomes the calciferous sand- 

 stone, and finally the metalliferous limestone. At the upper surface 

 of the latter it becomes undulated slate. This slate constitutes the 

 basis of Catskill Mountains, and here contains anasphaltic coal in 

 small quantities. One of the students, Mr. Stevenson, collected spe- 

 cimens of the coal on the Kaaterskill, four miles west of the vil- 

 lage of Catskill, precisely at the meeting of the cherty limerock and 

 the second graywacke slate. He was conducted to the locality by 

 Mr. John Ashley of Catskill. On ascending the mountain, we found 

 perpetual alternations of red sandy graywacke, (red sandstone,) gray 

 sandy graywacke, red graywacke slate, and gray graywacke slate. 

 The top of the mountain is every where terminated upwards with 

 conglomerates, (wacke breccia,) being a less firm variety of the mill- 

 stone grit. The red sand contains stylastrites in abundance, half a 

 mile south of die Mountain House, on Little Lake. Very few im- 

 bedded or disseminated minerals are found in Catskill Mountains. 

 Quartz crystals, sometimes containing liquid drops, are found in the 

 calciferous sandrock, at the base of the Mountain ; particularly near 

 the village of Catskill. 



Sunday, 27. — Spend the Sabbath in Catskill village. 



Monday, 28, 152 M.— Arrive at the Rensselaer School, in Troy, 

 and set about arranging for the passage on the Erie canal. Pack up 

 all our Hudson River specimens, and leave them at the School. 



July 1st. Thursday. — Embark on board the canal boat Surprise, 

 Capt. Goss, at half past nine, A. M. The boat had lain above the 

 Sloop lock, in the Hudson river, before the School, a sufficient time 

 for taking in the Library, Mathematical Instruments, apparatus, tests, 

 specimens, he. to be used in giving instruction on board. 



Friday, 2, 156 M. — Observed the clay slate of Cohoes Falls 

 passing upwards into the wacke variety. Three miles further up the 



* Never petallifcrous. See p. 321, Vol. XVIII. Probably Mr. H. found a radi- 

 ated animal, of the genus authocephalus. I found such a petrifaction in the same 

 rock at the Helderberg. I had it examined hy Le Sueur, f 



