aE 5 
Protection of Persons from Fire. 121 
Fig. 13. A fireman in the prepared dress, with the boots of fig. 4 
and gloves of fig. 11, walking on hot plates of iron and holding in his | 
hand a bar of red hot iron. (Experiment in Italy.) 
Fig. 14. Moistened sponge, with spectacle branches to keep it 
against the mouth. It is destined to retain matters injurious to res- 
piration, in places filled with smoke. 
PLATE Iil. 
Fig. 1. Experiment in which the firemen, covered with the helmet 
and cuirass, expose their head to the flame of a hot fire, kindled ina 
vase whose capacity ought to be such that the volume of flame effectu- 
ally envelops the head and its armor. 
Fig. 2. Buckler of metallic gauze. _ It is fifty inches high and thir- 
ty inches wide. It may be made of two pieces, joined in the direc- 
tion of the longer axis, with fastenings which will render it firm and 
compact when used. The wire gauze ought to be twenty to the inch. 
This buckler may be very solid without weighing more than 5 Ibs. 
Fig. 3. Grate of wire of the size of a door or window, to intercept 
the passage of flame through such an opening. ‘The upper and lower 
rods are extended about four inches, and have a hole at each end, to 
admit of its being fastened with four nails. If a close double defense 
of this kind be used, it will be sufficient, in most cases, to extinguish 
flame and arrest the fire. 
Fig. 4, Basket for removing children from the midst of flames. 
It is of wire gauze, lined with prepared woollen cloth. ‘The cover 
's simply wire gauze. 
"1g. 5. Crotchet for transporting men through flame. It isa 
Wooden board, prepared for resisting fire. It should be about forty 
ches high and twelve wide. A kind of saddle, covered with pre- 
pared ais, is attached to the middle of it, on which a man places 
himself. Tt is important that all its parts be firmly connected. 
ig. 6. This figure is designed to give an idea of one of the ex- 
periments made at Florence, in which a man carried by a fireman, 
and a child by another, walked for some minutes in the midst of the 
flames in a circular enclosure. 
Vou. XX.—No. as 16 
