a 
é 
On the Employment of Sulphate of Copper, &c. 277 
_ 3. The suppression of leaven in counteracting an’ excess of cop- 
was very decided, for the bread containing +755 in the former 
batch, which remained to be a mere paste, gave in the latter a very 
fine, porous, and well raised bread, simply by omitting the leaven;_ 
aa salt manifested itself by a rpnciceana odor and a ste 
taste. =. 
Conclusions relative to the action of various sci as determined 
ey ee “Ricsgh 
“Sulphate of copper:—This salt exerts an extremely energetic ac- 
tion on the fermentation and rising of bread, even when employed 
in the proportion of = ;1,5, Which is about one part of metallic cop- 
per to 300,000 of bread, or 1 grain of sulphate i in 74 Ibs. of bread. 
The proportion which produces the best rising is from FVOTT to 
133003 ona this i becomes {60 moist, eo white, and reins an 
odor like leay 
tis easy to nile bef shi use of this a well raised bread from 
flour called. slack, (lachantes,) or moist. It may occasion the retene 
‘tion of water to the amount of an ounce in a pound without injury to 
the bread. In the summer season there is the greatest need of 
strengthening the paste and preventing the spreading of the loaf. ~ It _ 
eaetally- done by Jeaven and common salt, but a very small quantity 
phate of copper, will serve as a substitute for both, only it it is 
Necessary to increase a little the quantity of yeast. 
: ‘The greatest quantity of this salt which can be introduced without 
i sthe beauty of the bread is ;75>- With ;;'55 the paste will 
, all fermentation is stopped, and the bread acquires a green 
- By omitting the leaven, and introducing more water, it rises 
Well, and becomes very porous, but it is moist, greenish and disa- 
Sreeable. 
It is evidently the base of the salt, much more than the acid, that 
Produces these effects on panification, for sulphate of soda, sulphate 
of iron, and even sulphuric acid, have not, in srg eee pais fur- 
nished analogous results. 
lum.—The effects of this salt are much the same as ; those of sul- 
phate of copper, but it must be used in much Jarger quantity. The lat- 
ter in the proportion of = 3';4 is so great as to diminish the rising, but 
= quantity of alum produces no apparent result. It must be in- 
eased to 51; to produce any sensible effect. In the dose of 54% 
i. XX.—No. 6 
