144 Objections to. Mr. Redfield’s Theory of Storms. 
20. In this mode of viewing the phenomena, no difference of 
opinion exists between Espy and myself, however we may differ 
respecting the cause of the diminution of atmospheric pressure 
within the track of a tornado, which gives rise to the nanensong 
current. 
21. I adduced several facts, upon the authority of the accurate 
survey made by that gentleman and his associate, proving that the 
effects were, in some cases, inconsistent with the existence of a 
whirl; and I mentioned one which could not be explained without 
setdbuting it toa gyratory force. Hence I was led to consider gy- 
ration as a casual, not an essential feature in the meteors in ques- 
tion. It appeared reasonable to suppose that the conflict of conflu- 
ent streams of air, rushing towards an axis moving progressively, 
might be productive of a whirling motion. The contortion of 
six feet of the upper part of a brick chimney upon the lower por- 
tion, so as to cause the corners of either portion to project beyond 
the sides of the others, was deemed inexplicable, without ascri- 
bing it toa gyratory force. Subsequently, however, it occurred 
to. me that this fact was more likely to be the result of a local 
than of a general whirl; since, in the latter case, the chimney 
could not have been twisted as described without being precisely 
at the centre of the whirlwind. That such could have been its 
position, appeared to me to be extremely improbable, and had it 
been so situated, as the whirlwind was estimated to be moving 
progressively, at the rate of seventeen miles per hour, it is to me 
incomprehensible how the portion which was dislocated could 
have escaped an overthrow. Evidently, although twisted upon 
its base while concentric with the axis of gyration, it would in 
one second of time have been twenty feet upon the windward 
side of it, and consequently subject to the tangential force of the 
whirlwind. I adduce this, as well as other facts, to prove, that 
in tornadoes and hurricanes, there are local whirls, causing bod- 
ies, which are of a nature to favor an electrical discharge, to be 
~— affected. 
22. A fact, irreconcilable with a general whirling motion, has 
beusaagpeded. by Messrs. Espy and Bache. . A frame building was 
so situated.as to be protected by another edifice in one direction 
from the suction of the tornado, and yet was exposed to its influ- 
ence as it advanced, and as it moved away. Hence two of the 
four posts, on which the frame rested, were so impelled by the 
