104 FLORA OF NEW ZEALAND. [Rubiacez. 
many cases afford but indifferent characters; the berries vary extremely in size according to situation and moisture, 
as do the leaves in size and form, and the plant in habit. It is certainly the most variable and difficult New Zealand 
genus, much more so than Zpilobium, Pimelea, or Alseuosmia, and is far more abundant than these. Some species 
are intolerably fcetid after being gathered; none are beautiful except in foliage, and I am not aware of their being 
applied to any use whatever. I am far from being certain that I have referred in all cases Mr. Cunningham’s names 
to the plants he intends; his descriptions are insufficient and inaccurate, and the species in his herbarium have 
been mixed by himself, and do not tally well with his own descriptions. (Name from the abominable stench of 
some species.) 
$ a. Shrubs or small trees. Leaves large, more than l inch long. Flowers crowded upon axillary, more or less 
elongated peduncles (peduncles often very short in C. robusta). 
1. Coprosma Zucida, Forst.; arbuscula dioica, glaberrima, foliis (4-6 une.) coriaceis longe petiolatis 
elliptico-ovatis obovatisve lanceolatisve acuminatis siccitate viridibus, pedunculis subsimplicibus articulatis 
elongatis, floribus sessilibus, calyce truncato obscure 5-lobo, fl. d dense capitatis, corolla infra medium 5-loba, 
staminibus 5, fl. 9 seepius ternis, corollae lobis lineari-oblongis patulis, stylis longissimis, seminibus late 
oblongis. Forst. Prodr. DC. Prodr. v. 4. p.518. A. Rich. Flora. A. Cunn. Prodr. Pelaphia laurifolia, 
Banks et Sol. MSS. 
Has. Throughout the Islands; abundant, Forster, etc. Nat. names, “Karamu” and “ Karangu,” 
Colenso. (Cultivated in England.) 
A handsome, small, leafy tree, everywhere quite smooth. Leaves coriaceous, 3-6 inches long, narrowed into 
long petioles (4-3 inch), lanceolate, oblong-obovate, or broadly obovate, acuminate or acute, rarely blunt, yellow- 
green when dry, with reticulated veins. Stipules very broad, with short abrupt ovate tips. Peduncles longer than 
the petioles, jointed twice or thrice, stipulate at the joints, and bearing fascicles of sessile flowers. Calyx tube 
truncate, obscurely five-toothed. Corolla campanulate; tube variable in length, five-lobed ; lobes linear-oblong. 
Stamens five. Styles very long (4 inch). Berry 4 inch long; seeds broadly elliptical, oblong.—I take this and the 
following to be truly dicecious plants; the fruit is edible. 
2. Coprosma grandifolia, Hook. fil.; arbuscula glaberrima, foliis longe petiolatis 4-8 unc. longis am- 
plis submembranaceis late elliptico- v. oblongo-lanceolatis acutis apiculatisve, pedunculis elongatis trichotome 
ramosis, floribus capitatis, calyce 5-dentato Y parvo, corolla d elongato-campanulata 4-fida, staminibus 4, 
baccis ovoideis, seminibus elongato- v. elliptico-oblongis. Pelaphia leta e P. grandifolia, Banks et Sol. MSS. 
et Ic. Ronabea australis, A. Rich. Flora. 
Has. Northern and Middle Islands; abundant, Banks and Solander, ete. 
Closely allied to the preceding species, but very distinct, and to be recognized by the very large, broader, 
more membranous leaves, often 7 inches long, with slender petioles 1 inch long. Peduncles slender, trichotomous, 
the branches bearing heads of large sessile flowers. Calyz distinctly five-toothed, very small in the male flowers. 
Corolla large, 4 inch long, campanulate, four-lobed. Berries variable in size and form. Seed generally longer than 
in C. lucida. 
3. Coprosma Baweriana, Endl.; fruticosa v. arbuscula glaberrima v. apicibus ramulorum puberulis, 
ramis crassis, foliis petiolatis 3-2-uncialibus late obovatis oblongo-rotundatisve apice rotundatis retusis 
apiculatisve coriaceo-subcarnosis siccitate atris marginibus recurvis, pedunculis breviusculis simplicibus ra- 
mosisve, calyce brevissimo obscure 4-lobo, corolla 4-loba tubo brevi lobis oblongis, staminibus 4, stylis 
robustis, baccis late obovatis turbinatisve. Hdl. Iconograph. t. ii. C. lucida, Endl. Prodr. Flora Norf. 
Isl. p. 60. C. retusa, Nobis in Lond. Journ. Bot. v. 3. p. 416. Pelaphia retusa, Banks et Sol. MSS. et Ic. 
Has. Northern Island, and northern parts of Middle Island. Bay of Islands; generally near the 
sea, Sinclair, etc. Massacre Bay, Lyall. 
